Weeks 2 & 3
The type of study that CAN infer causation
What is Experimental Study?
The speech area that is located more back in the brain
What is Wernicke's area?
This Russian scientist is known for conditioning dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
This psychologist is known for studying operant conditioning using an experiment with a mouse in a box.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
This type of learning happens when a stimulus automatically triggers a response after repeated pairing.
What is classical conditioning?
The two traits that make a good hypothesis
What is Specific & Testable?
Type of aphasia that presents symptoms like broken grammar and repeating words
What is Broca's Aphasia?
In the dog experiment, this term refers to the dogs salivating in response to food.
What is a unconditioned response?
Turning off a loud and annoying alarm is an example of this type of consequence.
What is negative reinforcement?
This type of learning deals with voluntary responses
What is operant conditioning?
The cortex of the brain involved in sensory processing
What is the somatosensory cortex?
Branching part of the neuron that receives signals
What are dendrites?
In the dog experiment, this item is first the neutral stimulus and then the conditioned stimulus
What is the bell?
Getting your phone taken away because you're too addicted to doomscrolling is an example of this consequence
What is negative punishment?
A student starts feeling anxious whenever the teacher says “pop quiz.” Later, they study more often to avoid that anxiety. The student studying more is an example of this consequence type
What is positive punishment?
The hindbrain structure involved with motor coordination/control and physical balance
What is the cerebellum?
Type of processing that is influenced by background knowledge and uses deductive reasoning
What is top-down processing?
When a dog salivates to a tone that is similar, but not identical, to the original bell, it’s showing this.
What is stimulus generalization?
Waiting to hear back about a job application is an example of this partial consequence schedule
What is variable interval?
A dog drools when it hears a can opener (because it predicts food) and also learns to sit to earn a treat. The drooling is an example of ___ conditioning, and sitting is an example of ___ conditioning.
What is classical; operant?
The forebrain structure involved in processing our senses (except smell)
What is the thalamus?
Term for failure to perceive objects that are not the focus of attention
What is inattentional blindness?
This is why, for example, we are quicker to associate a spider with danger than a dandelion.
What is preparedness?
A parent giving their kid some bonus allowance for every 2 A's they get on their report card is an example of this partial consequence schedule
What is a fixed ratio schedule?
A child touches a hot stove and gets burned (decreasing the behavior). Later, the child feels fear just seeing the stove glow red. The child learning to not touch the hot stove after getting burned is an example of this consequence
What is positive punishment?