Classical Forms
__________ refers to the form of a single movement which consists of 3 main sections: Exposition, the development, the recapitulation, and sometimes a Coda (aka extra section)..
Sonata Form
Name a major Ruler during the classical period
Napoleon or King George
What was the name of the Esterhazy estate?
Esteraza
How did Mozart Die?
Rheumatic Fever
What are Beethoven's Birth and death dates and where was he born?
1770-1827
Bonn, Germany
A _______ Form features a tuneful main theme (A) which returns several times in alternation with other themes (B,C, etc.).
Basic version of this are: ABACA and ABACABA
Rondo
American and French Revolutions
What was the name of the Family Haydn was employed by
The Esterhazy Family
What are Mozart's Birth and Death Dates.
1756-1791
How many Symphonies did Beethoven write?
Why so few?
9
Because Beethoven was a perfectionist and rewrote things many times prior to being finished with them.
___________ is a form used in the classical period where a musical idea (known as the theme) is repeated over and over and is changed a bit each time. Changes can be mood, melody, rhythm, harmony, accompaniment, dynamics, or tone color but usually the variations are the same length as the theme and still recognizably the theme.
Theme and Variations
What Major city in Austria becomes the center of music in the Classical period?
Vienna
Once free of the Esterhazy's, Haydn went to which city/country and wrote 6 symphonies before returning to Vienna.
London, England
How many Compositions did Mozart Compose?
over 600
At the Age of 22, Beethoven moved to Vienna to study composition with __________.
Joseph Haydn
A _________ is an extended, ambitious composition typically lasting 20-45 minutes that exploits the expanded range of tone color and dynamics of the classical orchestra.
the Classical Symphony
Describe the Patronage System for musicians and articulate Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven's relationships with this system.
Clearly articulate each individuals relationship.
The patronage system is one where a person is employed by a family/court to provide a specific service (cook/maid/musician).
Haydn - spent most of his life working in this system
Mozart - spent about 10 years before working for himself only.
Beethoven - never worked for any single patron or family; he was self employed.
What are Haydn's birth and death dates and where was he born?
1732-1809
Rohrau, Austria
In 1781, at the age of 25, Mozart moved to _________ and befriended ___________.
Vienna, Haydn
Beethoven wrote Symphony 3 in honor of a person before changing his mind - who was this person and why did Beethoven change his mind?
Napolean
Because he declared himself emperor and that was against what Beethoven politically believed in.
A Mass written for the dead is known as a ________.
Requiem
Name the characteristics of music in the Classical Era (there are 6 and 1 BIG answer)
Contrasts in moods
Rhythmic variety and freedom
Freely changing, simple textures
Simple melodies, pulled from “pop culture” or written in that style.
Dynamics are now Gradually changing, and exciting!
NO MORE BASSO CONTINUO! - primarily because the middle class wasn’t educated enough to read figured Bass.
The Classical Orchestra is now a standard instrumentation:
1st, 2nd violins, violas, cellos, double basses
2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons
2 French horns, 2 trumpets
2 timpani
Name 2 pieces written by Haydn.
"Surprise" Symphony
"Farewell" Symphony
Trumpet Concerto in E Flat Major
"The Creation" (a mass)
Name 2 operas written by Mozart.
Don Giovanni
Marriage of Figaro
The Magic Flute
Beethoven began losing his hearing at what age?
29