Composers
Name two facts about Mozart.
1. Came from a wealthier family.
2. Composed Symphony No. 40 in G minor
What three sections are in Sonata form? List them in order.
1. Exposition
2. Development
3. Recapitulation
Two facts about a Classical Symphony.
1. An extended, ambitious composition typically lasting between 20-45 minutes.
2. 1st Mvt: Dramatic and vigorous 2nd Mvt: Lyrical or slow movement 3rd Mvt: Dancelike 4th Mvt: Brilliant or heroic fast movement.
What is style gallant?
A light and elegant free homophonic style of music composition.
Name two facts about Beethoven.
1. Deaf for most of his life.
2. Composed Moonlight Sonata.
Who composed the Surprise Symphony?
Haydn
Two facts about a Classical Concert.
1. A three movement work for an instrumental soloist and orchestra.
2. It combines the virtuosity and interpretive abilities of the soloist with the orchestra’s wide range of tone color and dynamics.
What is syncopation?
Emphasis on the weak beat.
Name two facts about Haydn.
1. Did not come from a wealthy family.
2. Composed the Surprise Symphony.
Two facts about Theme and Variations.
1. Independent piece or movement.
2. A basic musical idea-the theme-is repeated over and over and is changed each time.
Theme (A)-variation 1 (A’)-variation 2 (A”), -variation 3 (A’’’)
Two facts about the Classical Orchestra.
1. Baroque could vary from piece to piece, the classical orchestra was a standard group of four sections: Strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion.
2. A theme might begin in the full orchestra, shift to the strings, and then continue in the woodwinds.
What is form?
Structure of a piece of music.
Who composed Eine kleine Nachtmusik?
Mozart
Two facts about Minuet and Trio.
1. A minuet is an elegant dance in ¾ time.
2. ABA form
A Minuet, B Trio, A Minuet
Two facts about a String Quartet.
1. Written for two violins, viola, or cello.
2. Haydn invented string quartet.
Two facts about rondo form?
1. Features a tuneful main theme (A) which returns several times in alteration with other themes.
2. Common rondo patterns are ABACA and ABACABA.
What form is Eine kleine Nachtmusik?
Minuet and Trio
Explain what happens in each section of Sonata from.
1. Exposition: Sets up strong conflict between the tonic key and the new, and between the first and second theme. Themes are presented. In tonic or home key Bridge to modulation in key. Second theme in new key. Closing section in key in second theme.
2. Development:Often the most dramatic section of the movement. New treatment of the themes-modulations to different keys. Listener may feel unbalanced-uneasy. Harmonic tension is heightened. Broken fragments or motives-short musical ideas.
3. Recapitulation: Brings resolution as we begin to hear the tonic or home key come back. The first theme, second theme, and bridge are all presented except all in the tonic key. First theme in tonic or home key. Bridge. Second theme in tonic key. Closing theme in tonic key.
Two facts about Chamber music.
1. Chamber music was designed for an intimate setting such as a room in a home or palace versus a public concert hall.
2. Small group of 2-9 musicians.
Describe rhythm, texture, and mood in the classical period of music.
1. Rhythm: Flexibility of rhythm adds variety. Wealth of rhythmic patterns-Baroque work conveys a sense of continuity and perpetual motion. Classical music includes unexpected pauses, syncopations, and frequent changes from long notes to shorter notes-sudden or gradual changes. Syncopation: Emphasis on the weak beat.
2. Texture: Flexible rhythm. Shift smoothly or suddenly from one texture to another. Begin homophonically with a melody and simple accompaniment and then transition to a more complex polyphonic texture that features two simultaneous melodies or melodic fragments imitated among instruments.
3. Mood: Mood may shift dramatically: gradually or suddenly. Dramatic, turbulent music may turn into a carefree dance tune. Not only are there 3 contrasting movements in a piece, but could contrast within a single theme.