MG definitions
Controls and balances energy on its own.
What is, autonomous operation?
(Additional explanation: autonomous operation is when disconnected from the main grid).
Microgrids operating at this voltage class are associated with the final step of distribution, delivering power directly to end-users.
What is, a low voltage grid
A microgrid that only contains one type of DG, (has simple function and design)
What is a simple microgrid
Type of current that facilitates the integration of PV (photovoltaic) systems most effectively
What is, Direct Current
Almost all electrical loads operate on an AC supply system.
What is the advantage of AC microgrids?
(Additional explanation: Because it directly connects with the utility grid without any bi-directional converters).
Interconnection purposes.
What is, when the MG is part of the medium level voltage network?
Microgrids with focus on end-users often operate within this voltage range to ensure safe power distribution
What is, 120V or 230V
3 classifications of microgrid based on the function demand
What is, simple-, multi-DG and utility microgrid
Works most efficiently with Fuel cells and batteries
What is an advantage of DC MG
Its management is difficult and it requires a sophisticated control and operation system.
What is an AC MG and its disadvantages?
Normal microgeneration capacity
What is the lower voltage level (below the megawatt range)?
A microgrid is typically located at the LV level however why would some of the parts of the MV network belong to a microgrid?
what is, for interconnection purpose
The intended use for a simple microgrid
What is, for the use of CCHP or critical loads
Conversions reduce the efficiency
What is a disadvantage that AC grids possess but DC grids doesn't
Used in wind turbine outputs to address frequency fluctuations due to changing wind speeds.
What is an AC/DC converter that eliminates the frequency problem, but not directly the amplitude problem?
(Additional explanation: when the wind speed changes, the rotating speed in the generator changes too, which means the freq and the voltage magnitude changes too (the amplitude))
Securing the supply of all loads (island mode)
What is, the purpose of satisfied storage sizes and correct dimensions/ratings of generators when operating in long-term island mode?
The voltage range of a microgrid considered a low voltage grid typically falls below this value
What is 1000 volts (or 1kV)
A multi-DC microgrid
What is, the name of multiple simple microgrids composed into one
Grid affected by external disturbances
What is, an AC grid
A bi-directional converter.
What is, the primary function for power exchange in hybrid AC/DC MGs between batteries, AC, and DC busses?
A virtual power plant (VPP) with cross-regional setups
What is, not a MG?
Referring to a localized area that serves neighbourhoods with power demands
What is Low voltage feeder
Why use an utility microgrid
What is, so loads are prioritized based on users’ requirements on reliability and high-priority loads will be prefered powered in an emergency
Connects to residential housing without the need for converters.
What is the major advantage of DC MG's
Advantages of Hybrid AC/DC MGs
What are, the benefits of both traditional grid structures; energy storage solutions such as batteries, efficiency, and flexibility?