CLASSWORK - Ch. 11 Nutrients and Diets
What is absorption?
the process in which blood or lymph capillaries pick up the digested nutrients
What does a bland diet consist of?
consists of easily digested foods that do not irritate the digestive tract
What is a calorie-controlled diet?
include both low-calorie and high-calorie diets
Who are diabetic diets meant for?
used for patients with diabetes mellitus
What are fiber diets classified as?
classified as high fiber or low fiber
What is anorexia nervosa?
a psychological disorder in which a person drastically reduces food intake or refuses to eat at all
What is body mass index?
calculation that measures weight in relation to height and correlates this with body fat
What are carbohydrates?
major source of readily usable human energy
What is digestion?
process by which the body breaks down food into smaller part, changes the food chemically, and moves the food through the digestive system
What is hypertension?
high blood pressure
What are antioxidants?
organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free radicals
What is bulimarexia?
psychological disorder in which a person alternately binges and then induces vomiting or uses laxatives to get rid of food that has been eaten
What is cellulose?
fibrous, indigestible form of plant carbohydrate
What are essential nutrients?
chemical elements found in food
What are lipids?
organic compounds
What is atherosclerosis?
condition in which arteries are narrowed by the accumulation of fatty substances
What is bulimia?
psychological disorder in which a person alternately binges and then fasts, or refuses to eat at all
What is cholesterol?
sterol lipid found in body cells and animal products; used in the production of steroid hormones, vitamin D, and bile acids
What are fat-restricted diets?
usually limit fats to less than 50 grams daily
What do liquid diets include?
include both clear liquids and full liquids
What is a basal metabolic rate?
rate at which the body uses energy just for maintaining its own tissue, without doing any voluntary work
What is a calorie?
Unit of measurement for heat in food
What is diabetes mellitus?
metabolic disease caused by an insufficient secretion or use of insulin leading to an increased level of glucose in the blood
What are fats?
provides most concentrated form of energy but higher calorie option than carbohydrates, maintain body temperature by providing insulation, cushion organs and bones, aid in the absorption of fat-soluable vitamins, and provide flavor to meals
What is a low-cholesterol diet?
restricts foods that contain cholesterol and usually limits fats to less than 50 grams daily