Clauses

Independent vs. Subordinate Clauses

100

(independent or subordinate clause?): we sing

Independent

200

(independent or subordinate clause?): although it is raining outside

Subordinate

300

What is the difference between independent and subordinate clauses?

Independent: expresses a complete though (can stand alone as a sentence) Subordinate: does not express a complete though (it cannot stand alone)

400

(Identify the subordinate clauses): Since we have a test tomorrow, it is a good idea to study if you want to do well.

1) Since we have a test tomorrow 2) if you want to do well

500

(Identify the independent clauses): Sometimes students choose not to study, but I don't recommend this method because I want you all to pass!

1) Sometimes students choose not to study 2) I don't recommend this method

Adjective Clauses

100

What do adjective clauses modify? 

nouns and pronouns

200

(Identify the clause and the word it modifies;): The clock that I just bought has a digital readout.

that I just bought; clock

300

(Identify the clause and the word it modifies;): Some people live in areas where the temperatures are always freezing.

where the temperatures are always freezing; areas; 

400

(Identify the clause and the word it modifies;): Can you see the mountain that lies just beyond the tree line?

that lies just beyond the tree line; mountain

500

(Identify the clause and the word it modifies): The girl who sings too loudly needs to blend better.

who sings too loudly; girl

Noun Clause Functions

100

(Identify the noun clause and its function): How I clean my room is my decision.

How I clean my room; subject

200

(Identify the noun clause and its function): Some children fight with whoever is close to them.

whoever is close to them; object of the preposition

300

Good behavior is what we expect of all of you.

what we expect of all of you; predicate noun

400

(Identify the noun clause and its function): At the grocery store, the family bought whatever was on sale.

whatever was on sale; direct object

500

(Identify the noun clauses and their functions): The parents give whichever son acts best whatever they want.

whichever son acts best; indirect object whatever they want; direct object

Adverb Clauses

100

What do adverb clauses modify? 

verbs, adjectives, and adverbs

200

(Identify the clause and the word it modifies;): When the principal called her name, Rosa stepped up to the podium.

When the principal called her name; stepped

300

(Identify the clause and the word it modifies): We'll leave for the game when the time is right.

when the time is right; leave; 

400

(Identify the clause and the word it modifies;): Always check the expiration date before you buy perishable food.

before you buy perishable food; check

500

(Identify the clause and the word it modifies;): After the winter sports season ends, the athletes attend a banquet.

After the winter sports season ends; attend

Sentence Structure

100

Anna sings in the choir, and her brother plays in the band.

compound (two independent clauses)

200

Although it started to rain, Bobby was still happy to play outside.

complex (one independent clause and one subordinate clause)

300

To get to grandmother's house, you need to go over the river and through the woods.

Simple

400

A long walk outside can be refreshing after you've had a long day, and it can also help you sleep better.

Compound-complex (two independent clauses and one subordinate clause)

500

Times must have been simpler when there was no internet.

Complex (one independent clause and one subordinate clause)