12.1 and 12.2
This molecule stores the instructions for building and running living things.
DNA
This is the molecule that carries genetic information
DNA
What does RNA stand for?
ribonucleic acid
how many bases does a codon have?
3
deletion involves the loss of all or part of a ____________.
Chromosome
DNA is made of these building blocks, which include a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
What are nucleotides?
This enzyme “unzips” the DNA strand during replication
helicase
What is the sugar in RNA
ribose
mRNA is transcribed in the _____ and then enters the cytoplasm.
Nucleus
duplication produces an extra ________ of all or part of a ___________
Copy , Chromosome
In DNA, adenine always pairs with this nitrogenous base.
thymine
These are the two strands of DNA that are copied during replication.
template strands
What does RNA contain instead of thymine
uracil
the genetic code is generally the same in all ______ .
organisms
true or false
most mutations have a big affect
false
This nucleic acid is usually single-stranded and has uracil instead of thymine.
RNA
This enzyme adds new nucleotides to build the new DNA strand
DNA polymerase
Transfer RNA carries __________ to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message?
amino acids
What do Ribosomes use in mRNA to assemble amino acids into protein chains
codons
insertions and deletions are called
frame shifts
The three-letter sequences in DNA or RNA that code for amino acids are called this.
codons
his rule explains how A pairs with T and C pairs with G
base-pairing (complementary base pairing)
mRNA carries copies of instructions for __________
polypeptides/ aka proteins
The central dogma of molecular biology is that ________ is transferred from ________ to______ to proteins.
information, DNA, RNA
deletion involves the loss all or part of a _______.
chromosome