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Embryonic Processes
Cleft Issues
social/emotional issues
100

  • Fuse with nasomedian process – form upper lip, alveolus (holds teeth in place) and anterior of hard palate

What are 2 maxillary processes?

100

  • Genetic disorders

    • Cleft palate associated with >300 syndromes

  • Chromosome problems

    • Trisomy 13 – 3rd #13 chromosome

  • Harmful agents or teratogens

    • Drugs, alcohol, x-rays, nicotine, caffeine

  • Mechanical problems

What are some etiologies?

100

  • Mourning process when child has disability

  • Initial shock from infant’s appearance

  • Social worker usually monitors this area

What are social emotional side effects?
200

  • Grows downward – separates into 2 tissue masses on both sides of face (nasomedian and lateral nasal)

What is the Frontonasal Process?

200

  • Feeding 

  • Dental

  • Middle ear 

  • Speech and language


    • Resonance disorders

What are some associated problems with cleft lip/palate?

200

  • Children with cleft palate often have low self-esteem


    • Girls more than boys

What are social emotional issues with child?

300

  • Grow toward one another; fuse at midline

What are right and left mandibular processes (cheekbones and upper lip)?

300

  • High incidence of hearing loss

  • 58% middle ear disorders - 


    • failure of muscles to open Eustachian tube and drain middle ear

    • results in mild conductive loss

    • negative effects on speech and language development

What are hearing issues associated with cleft lip and palate?

300

  • Parents

  • Pediatrician

  • Surgeon

  • Otolaryngologist

  • Prosthodontist

  • Dentist

Who are professionals on a Cleft Palate Team?

400

  • Grow downward from the maxillary processes

  • Fuse together

What are the Palatal Shelves?

400

  • 6-18 months


    • Age depends on surgeon


  • Close the cleft


    • Closure between oral and nasal cavities

When/ what occurs during primary surgery?

400

  • Social Worker

  • Geneticist

  • Speech/language pathologist

  • Audiologist

Who are more professionals on a Cleft Palate team?

500

  • Corrects velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI)


    • Hypernasal resonance

  • About 25% need secondary surgery

  • Ex. Pharyngeal flap

What occurs during secondary surgery?