Earth System Science
Name the sphere that contains water
Hydrosphere
Name a carbon store
Ocean, trees, living things, fossil fuels
Name a water store
Vapour, ice, bodies of water, underground
What galaxy do we belong to?
The Milky Way
Who first described red shift?
Hubble
Name the sphere that contains air
Atmosphere
Name a carbon flow
photosynthesis, respiration, burning fossil fuels
Name a water flow
Evaporation, transpiration, precipitation, runoff
How long ago is it estimated the big bang occured?
14 billion years ago
There is a similar phenomenon to red shift used to describe sound... What is this called?
The Doppler Effect
Biosphere
Name a natural impact on the carbon cycle
Prolonged rainfall
Name a natural impact on the water cycle
Drought
Why do we call it the big bang 'theory'
This is currently the best explanantion for how the solar system etc. was formed. We cannot know for sure that this theory is 100% correct as there were no witnesses and therefore it will remain a 'theory'
Explain the Doppler Effect
the frequency of sound waves changes, if the two are approaching, then the frequency heard by the observer is higher; if they move away from each other, the frequency heard is lower.
Name the sphere that contains the Earth's crust
Lithosphere
Name a human impact on the carbon cycle
Deforestation, burning fossil fuels
Name a human impact on the water cycle
Deforestaion, damming
What did we believe in before the Big Bang Theory
The Steady State Model
Light travels faster than sound... How many times faster?
1 million!
Name the 4 major spheres
Lithosphere, Biosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere
Describe the carbon cycle
Carbon is in a constant state of movement from place to place. It is stored in what are known as stores, and it moves between these stores through a variety of processes, including photosynthesis, burning fossil fuels, and simply releasing breath from the lungs.
Describe the water cycle
describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth
The universe is always expanding... What phenomenon proved this?
The "Red Shift"
What is red shift
the wavelength of the light is stretched, so the light is seen as 'shifted' towards the red part of the spectrum.