Weather
What is Climate?
The average weather at a location over a long period of time.
There are 4 currents of wind that circle the EArth, moving west to east. What are they called?
Jet Streams
This imaginary line around the middle of the Earth is the warmest area because the sun's heat hits it almost straight on.
The Equator
list the following from smallest to largest:
community, ecosystem, organism, population
organism, population, community, ecosystem
True of False: The biosphere includes all the living things which occupy the other "spheres" like the geosphere and the hydrosphere
True
What is weather?
Environmental conditions at a specific time.
What is wind and what causes it?
This everyday atmospheric phenomenon is actually a rush or air moving from a crowded high-pressure area to an empty low-pressure area.
These two opposite geographic locations are the coldest places on Earth because the Sun's energy just barely grazes by them.
The North and South poles
Explain what each of the following are:
community, population, organism, ecosystem
Organism: A single living thing (like a plant, animal, or person).
Population: A group of the same kind of organisms living in one place.
Community: All the different populations living and interacting in one area.
Ecosystem: A community of living things and their non-living environment working together.
1. the _______ biome is the coldest biome on earth, located in the polar regions and typified by permafrost and little precipitation.
2. The ________ and________ biomes include a huge variety of aquatic animals and plants.
1. tundra
2. ocean and freshwater
What is the area just above and below the equator called?
The tropics
Why do daytime beach winds typically blow from sea to land?
The sun heats the land causing the air above it to be warm (low pressure). The air above the water is cool (high pressure). Air always travels from high pressure to low pressure, creating a wind (breeze).
1. The name of the imaginary line going right through the middle of the Earth that it rotates around.
1. EArth's axis
1. A climate zone combined with the plants, animals, and other life-forms that live there.
2. An area where life and the Earth interact, particularly in terms of food webs.
3. A line of animals that eat each other
1. Biome
2. Ecosystem
3. Food chain
1. This specific forest biome can also be called the taiga and has the coldest and driest climate of all the forests
2.This scientific term means a variety of plant and animal life, which is very high in foresets but quite low in deserts and tundras
3. What is the name for cone-bearing tree?
1. boreal forest
2. biodiversity
3. coniferous
1.What is air pressure?
2.What is a low pressure system?
3.What is a high pressure system?
1.An invisible force created by the weight of a miles-high column of air pressing down on Earth's surface.
2. When heated by the sun, warm air rises gets light and floats upwards (rises)
3. cool air is heavy and dense and sinks towards earth pressing harder on the ground.
Due to Earth's rotation, wind does not travel in a stright line, it curves because of this apparent force.
The Coriolis effect.
1. Autumn and Spring __________ are when there are equal hours of daylight and dark.
2. Summer and Winter __________ are when we have the most of least hours of daylight.
1. Equinox
2. Solstice
1. Organisms such as plants and algae that make their own food from the sun and water.
2. Organisms which eat other organisms for food
3.Mostly bacteria and fungi which work to break own dead plants and animals into food for plants.
4. What are Omnivores?
1. producers
2. consumers
3. decomposers
4. organisms that eat both plants and animals.
1. These dry, open regions are mostly covered by grass and can be divided into savannas or temperate
2. These specific open region are found closer to the equator, have some scattered trees, and cover almost half of Africa
3. This is the frozen layer of ground located just underneath the surface of the soil that makes it a struggle for larger plants to grow in the tundra.
4. t or f: This frozen layer of ground freezes in the winter and thaws in the summer.
1. Grasslands
2. Savannas ( tropical grasslads)
3. permafrost
4. false
What kind of weather do low-pressure systems bring? (hint: starts with an 'L')
What kind of weather do high-pressure systems bring? (hint: starts with an 'H')
Lousy weather: cloudy and stormy conditions
Happy weather: Clear sunny conditions
Explain why a flight from the western hemisphere to the eastern hemisphere might be shorter than the same flight back (eastern hemisphere to western hemisphere)
Going West to East, planes ride the Jet Stream and go faster. East to West, planes are travelling against the jet stream.
The primary reason we experience four different seasons every year on Earth. Explain
We have different seasons because the Earth is tilted on its axis as it travels around the Sun. This tilt causes different parts of the Earth to receive more or less sunlight at different times of the year. When a part of the Earth is tilted toward the Sun, it gets more direct sunlight and has summer. When it is tilted away, it gets less sunlight and has winter.
1. The _____________ biome is located along the equator and is hot with plenty of rain.
2. The temperate deciduous ________ biome has warm sumers and cool winters in which the trees lose their leaves.
3. The _________ biome gets less than 10 inches of rain per year and because it is arid, has few plants.
4. the __________ biome is the largest land biome in the world and is known for its evergreen forests.
5. The ________ and ____________ biomes have tall field grasses and sometimes shrubs or a few trees.
1. rainforest
2. forest
3. desert
4. taiga
5. grassland and shrubland
1. What is the top of the tallest trees of the rainforest called?
2. The "roof" that the trees of the rainforest make is called the _____.
3. Interaction between two organims in an ecosystem which benefits both organisms is called ___________. give an example
4. What is the understory layer of a rainforest? Can plants grow here?
1. Emergent layer
2. canopy
3. symbiosis or mutualism. An example of mutualism is a bee gathering nectar from a flower while simultaneously helping the flower reproduce by pollinating it.
4. Below the canopy is the understory layer; because the trees above block out most of the sunlight, very few plants can grow in the understory, though shade-loving ferns and mosses have been specially designed to handle the darkness