Diagnosis
The reasons why ADHD is usually diagnosed around age 7
What are:
-traditional schooling begins
-behaviors start impacting at school
-first time seeing symptoms as a disability
The specific way an individual stands up that is a sign of MD
A malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures
What is craniostenosis?
The neuromuscular condition that is progressive:
CP or MD
What is Muscular Dystrophy (MD)?
The condition that OTs can diagnose
What is Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)?
The condition where most cases are diagnosed 12 months after birth but all cases are detected by 18 months after birth
What is Cerebral Palsy (CP)?
What are:
-impairments in social interaction & social communication & by the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors
The process of using repetition to learn information in the exact form in which it was presented
What is rote memory?
The SPD pattern that includes Dyspraxia and Postural Disorders
SMD or SBMD
What is Sensory Based Motor Disorder (SBMD)?
The condition (and type) where the individual gets sidetracked, makes careless mistakes, avoids tasks that require sustained mental effort and gets distracted by extraneous or unimportant stimuli
What is ADHD predominately inattentive?
The diagnostic observation in which two depressed areas present on the posterior auxiliary fold; present in 90% of males with this condition
What is valley sign?
The pattern of muscle weakness in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)
What is:
-progresses proximal to distal
-lower extremities to upper extremities
-always bilateral & symmetrical
Difficulty forming words, slurred speech
What is dysarthria?
The type of CP that is caused by damage to the cerebral cortex and is characterized by hypertonicity and deep tendon reflexes that occurs primarily in both lower extremities
What is spastic diplegia CP?
The condition that usually presents with a decrease in Purkinje cell fibers & inferior olives of the cerebellum
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
The condition that is diagnosed by:
-adaptive behavior limitations
-IQ score 2 SD below the mean
-onset before 18
Intellectual Disability (ID)
Characteristics of Ataxic CP
What are:
-wide-based, staggering, and unsteady gait (unsteadiness/balance issues)
-intention tremors
-hypotonicity
A condition of shortening and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue, often leading to deformity and rigidity of joints
What are contractures?
CP is more common in this gender & this racial category
What is males/black?
The type of MD that does NOT have a lack of dystrophin?
The 3 typical diagnostic tests for MD
What are:
-blood work (genetic testing)
-electromyography (EMG; for muscle weakness)
-muscle biopsy (looks at dystrophin)
Symptoms of this condition include the inability to interpret the qualities of auditory, gustatory, olfactory, tactile, visual, proprioception or vestibular stimuli
What is Sensory Discrimination Disorder? (SDD)
A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele that leads to the accumulation of lipids in the brain. Causes seizures, blindness & degerenation of motor and mental performance (intellectual disability).
What is Tay-Sachs Disease?
The disorder produced by injury to a gene on the X chromosome, producing mild to moderate mental retardation
a) Hyperphenylalaninemia
b) Cytomegalovirus
c) Fragile X syndrome
d) Down syndrome
What is c) Fragile X syndrome?
The 3 types of MD that are X-linked
What are:
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)
Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD)
Emery-Drifuss Muscular Dystrophy (EDMD)