Theories of medical Ethics
What are the theories of medical ethics?
What is
Consequentialism
Deontology
Virtue Theory
Rules we learned from our parents, family, and teachers
What is personal mortality
True or false: Reports ant pharmacist, intern or extern who is impaired or has endangered the public health and welfare
What is True
What are the principles of medical ethics
What is Autonomy, Beneficence, Nonmalefience, Justice
True or false: Patients have the RIGHT to make decision based on their values, preferences, lifestyle, and beliefs. Even if you think they are making a bad decision. However, healthcare professional have am obligation to explain why they think the patient is making a bad decision
What is true
What does consequentialism mean ?
What is the ends do in fact justify the means. The morally correct action is the one that produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people
Individual preferences for things situations, types of people
What is personal Values
True or False: Only pharmacist (or intern under direct supervision) provide consultation and counseling with patients or other providers, accepts initial phone prescription orders or provides information about prescriptions or prescription drugs
What is True
Pharmacist promotes the right of self - determination and recognizes individual self worth by encouraging patients to participate in decisions about their health... in all cases a pharmacist respects personal and cultural differences among patients
What is Autonomy
To promote a patients well being you need to know.... And what principle of medical ethics does this correlate to?
What is their goals, values, lifestyle, preferences, and beliefs. What is Beneficence
What's is deontology
What is obligations = duty to follow a rule. Emphasizes moral and duties regardless of outcome
When confronted with a dilemma choose the option that will produce the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people, giving equal weight to everyone affected. What medical theory does it fall under
What is principle of utility; consequentialism
True or False: Pharmacist (or intern under direct supervision) shall not personally offer to discuss with patients / caregivers matters which optimize drug therapy unless the patient is hospitalized or doesn't want it
What is false
Pharmacist promotes the good of every patient in a caring, compassionate, and confident manner. A pharmacist places concern for the well being of the patient at the center of professional practice
What is Beneficence
Examples of kinds of Harm
What is physical, emotional, economic, social/familial
Considering the patient - pharmacist relationship as a covenant means that a pharmacist has moral obligations in response to the gift of trust received from society
What is Deontology
Ethical theories and principles, APhA code of ethics, and state and federal laws
What is professional Obligations
True or false: Harms are relative to the potential benefits of an intervention
True
Do no harm
What is Nonmaleficence
Theories of Justice
Society's benefits / burdens out to be shared equitably
Those with the greatest need get the greatest share of resources
Similar situations ought to be treated alike
Character traits that when taken to the extreme become vices. List the primary list of them
What are virtues. And Honesty, Integrity, Compassion, Empathy, Professional Responsibility, and Trustworthiness
This therory is concerned with what it means to be a "good" person. So when trying to decide what to do in a particular situation you out to consider what a "good" pharmacist would do
What is virtue theory
True or False: It is considered unprofessional conduct for any pharmacist to refuse to fill any prescription based on his/hers professional judgement or ethical or moral beliefs
What is False
When health resources are allocated a pharmacist is fair and equitable, balancing the needs of patients and society
A pharmacist avoids discriminatory practices, behavior or work conditions that impair professional judgement
What id Justice
Apply the ethical decision making process to ethical dilemmas
step 1: consider ethical theories
Consequentialism: What are the consequences for each of the options?, Which of these consequences will bring about the most amount of good? choose the option that produces the greatest good for the greatest number
Deontology: What obligations do I have in this particular situation? Do I have any competing obligations? Follow ethical rules and professional virtues
Virtue Theory: What does it mean to be a good pharmacist in this situation? Focus on moral character and professional virtues
Step 2: Apple the four ethical principles
Autonomy: What option is preferred by the patient?
Nonmaleficence: What option would cause the least harm?
Beneficence: How can I promote the patient’s interests/goals?
Justice: Is the patient being treated fairly?