BV
This genus of gram positive rod is considered normal vaginal flora. It commonly forms chains.
What is Lactobacillus
Beta lactams include penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams. They act on bacteria by inhibiting formation of what key bacterial cellular structure?
What is cell wall
This bacteria's normal host is free-living amoebae, and it invades human white blood cells by accident. It can be grown on BCYE agar.
What is Legeonella
The CDC recommends screening of pregnant women for this Streptococcus species which is a major cause of meningitis in newborns. It possesses the Lancefield Group B antigen.
What is Strep agalactiae
A positive Hippurate test distinguishes this one species of Campylobacter from all others in its genus.
What is Campylobacter jejuni
This curved gram negative or gram variable rod appears in smears of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and is associated with pelvic inflammatory disease.
What is Mobiluncus
VRE Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci- 3 types:
Van A and Van B are usually seen with Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium. The third type, Van C is a characteristic feature of E. gallinarum and E. casseliflavus. Unlike Van A and B, Van C is NOT acquired, which means that it is this:
what is intrinsic
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, epidemic typhus and murine typhus are caused by this genus of bacteria.
What are Rickettsia
This alpha hemolytic Streptococcus causes meningitis, pneumonia, septicemia, endocarditis, sinusitis and otitis media. One of two key tests for identifying it is the bile solubility test. It is bile soluble.
What is Streptococcus pneumoniae
Shigella dysenteriae causes the worst form of shigellosis and types with one of four serologic subgroups: A through D.
What is group A
This gram variable rod or coccobacilli is found in healthy women with a vaginal pH of between 6 and 7. Overgrowth of this organism causes vaginosis and in wet preps, you see "clue" cells.
What is Gardnerella vaginalis
ESBL extended spectrum beta lactamases are produced by this broad group of common gram negative rods such as E. coli and Kleb pneumo.
What are Enterobacterales
This organism which causes Q fever is found in farm and wild animals and spreads to humans by aerosols but can also be spread by tick bites or drinking raw milk. The acute form of the disease requires about a 3 week incubation and consists of fever, headache, and chills while the chronic form may cause SBE or abortion.
What is Coxiella burnetii
This gram positive rod is associated with unpasteurized dairy products. On culture the colonies resemble a beta strep but a positive catalase and the gram stain morphology lead you to suspect this organism.
What is Listeria
This Clostridium species has colonies that on ABAP agar produce a distinctive double zone of hemolysis.
What is Clostridium perfringens
This anaerobic gram negative rod is associated with BV. At one time it was in the genus Bacteroides.
What is Prevotella
CRE are Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The carbapenems are imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem. KPC is a carbapenemase first detected in which gram negative rod.
What is Klebsiella pneumoniae
This genus of intracellular organism depends on ticks, mostly the lone start tick to spread although it has also been transmitted by organ transplants. The morulae can be seen when a blood smear is stained with Giemsa or Wright stain, but NAAT tests are most sensitive.
What is Ehrlichia
This oxidase positive gram negative diplococci causes meningitis in children and young adults.
What is Neisseria meningitidis
Of all of the Fusobacterium species, this is the one that best describes "fusiform" on gram stain. That is, long thin gram negative rods with tapered ends.
What is Fusobacterium nucleatum
This anaerobic gram positive cocci is also associated with BV.
What is Peptostreptococcus
The Cefinase disc is a rapid way to test for production of beta lactamase enzyme in bacteria such as Neisseria, Haemophilus and Bacteroides. It is now recommended that an additional anaerobic organism be tested using this method.
What is Clostridium perfringens
Two of the three species of this genus of obligate intracellular bacteria cause pneumonia in humans; the third species causes pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility in women and blindness in their newborn babies. It is detected by PCR on instruments such as the Panther at EUH.
What is Chlamydia
A vaccine for the type B strain of this fastidious gram negative rod greatly reduced meningitis infections in infants and children. This organism grows readily on chocolate but not sheep blood agar because it requires X and V factor to grow.
What is Haemophilus influenzae