Pregnancy
This structure is formed on the 8th day after conception and is responsible for transferring nutrients and gasses via the umbilical vein.
What is the placenta?
The RDA for iron for pregnant women of all ages is ____.
What is 27 mg/day?
Name 3 benefits for the breastfed infant.
- Protection against: PNA, ear infections, severe respiratory viruses, bronchitis, GI tract infections, NEC, asthma, SIDS, celiac disease, IBD, leukemia during infancy
- Lower risk of HTN, overweight/obesity
- Better intellectual performance
- More receptive to new foods
This is the first fluid secreted by the breast. It has higher concentrations of carotene, protein, and minerals than mature human milk, and contains immunological factors that protect the infant.
What is colostrum?
This is the desired weight gain for most normal-weight women during pregnancy.
What is 25-35 lbs (11-16 kg)?
In healthy pregnant women, insulin sensitivity _________ during pregnancy.
What is decreases?
A minimum of ____ of carbohydrate per day is recommended to provide sufficient glucose transport to the fetus and fuel to the mother.
What is 175 g?
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends breastfeeding in addition to complimentary foods for at least ________.
What is two years?
In breastmilk, this nutrient is subject to maternal intake and content fluctuates frequently.
What is fat?
Gestational diabetes screening in women without a prior diagnosis of diabetes is usually conducted between weeks ____ - ____ of pregnancy.
What is 24-28?
This condition is characterized by severe nausea and vomiting, increases risk of premature birth and low birth weight, and affects 0.3-2.3% of pregnancies.
What is hyperemesis gravidarum (HG)?
This is the most common cause of inadequate energy intake during pregnancy.
What is maternal eating disorder.
Name 2 factors surrounding childbirth that are associated with successful breastfeeding initiation.
- Skin-to-skin contact
- Rooming in
- Initiate breastfeeding immediately after delivery
- Avoid use of feeding bottles, artificial nipples and pacifiers
- Do not provide breastfed newborns any food or fluids other than breast-milk
- Support mothers to manage common difficulties
Name 2 micronutrients that are not present in sufficient amounts in breastmilk.
What is Vitamin D and Vitamin K?
Name 3 factors that can contribute to anemia in pregnancy.
- Hemodilution
- Iron deficiency
- Folate deficiency
- B12 deficiency
Maternal blood pressure _______ throughout the pregnancy as a result of peripheral vasodilation caused by progesterone.
What is decreases?
The need for this vitamin, which is essential for cell division, increases to 600 mcg/day during pregnancy.
What is folate?
A breastfeeding mother should never eat fewer than _____ calories per day.
What is 1800?
Freshly expressed breastmilk can be safely stored in the refrigerator for this many days.
What is 4?
Women who have undergone bariatric surgery should wait ____ - ____ months post-surgery to become pregnant.
What is 12-18?
Name 3 factors that can influence birth outcomes.
–Pre-pregnancy nutritional status
–Pre-pregnancy weight status
–Gestational weight gain
–Presence of co-morbidities
–Gravida and parity
–Smoking status
–Maternal behavior
The AI for calcium during pregnancy and lactation is ____ for those over the age of 19.
What is 1000 mg/day?
Name 2 maternal scenarios when breastfeeding is not recommended.
-HIV
-Herpes Simplex, Tuberculosis, & other viruses
-Lead Poisoning
-Drug Use
-Medication Use (e.g. current maternal treatment with radioactive isotopes, chemotherapeutic agents, and other specific medications are contraindication with breastfeeding)
The American Academy of Pediatrics states that newborns should be fed whenever they show signs of hunger. This is called:
What is on-demand feeding?
Women with _______ are more likely to become deficient in Vitamin D.
What is obesity, limited sun exposure, dark, skin or using sunscreen regularly.