Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Define neurodevelopmental disorders.
conditions that affect the development of the nervous system, leading to impairments in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning.
Define psychotic disorders.
characterized by distorted thinking, perceptions, and emotions, often leading to a disconnect from reality.
Define mood disorders.
significant and persistent changes in a person's mood, affecting their emotional state and ability to function effectively in daily life.
What is cynophobia?
fear of dogs.
What was the primary focus of the David Rosenhan Experiment?
to investigate the validity of psychiatric diagnosis and the reliability of psychiatric hospitals in distinguishing between sane and insane individuals.
What are the primary symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Describe the symptoms of schizophrenia.
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and inappropriate/disorganized behavior.
Describe the primary symptoms of bipolar disorder.
alternating episodes of depression and mania, which can include elevated mood, increased energy, and impulsivity.
Describe the symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). AND GIVE AND EXAMPLE OF A REPETITIVE BEHAVIOR.
Intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) performed to alleviate anxiety.
Examples:
Define psychopathology.
the scientific study of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders.
Explain the key features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
Autism Spectrum Disorder is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.
Discuss the possible causes of schizophrenia.
genetic factors, neurotransmitter imbalances, prenatal complications, environmental stressors and drug abuse.
What is the level or classification of Major Depressive Disorder
Mild, Moderate and Severe
What distinguishes specific phobias from other anxiety disorders?
characterized by intense and irrational fears of specific objects or situations, leading to avoidance behavior.
What is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and what is its purpose?
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a handbook used by mental health professionals to classify and diagnose psychological disorders.
How do ADHD and ASD differ in terms of diagnosis?
ADHD is typically diagnosed based on symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, while ASD diagnosis involves assessing social communication and behavioral patterns.
What is the difference between hallucinations and delusions?
hallucinations are sensory experiences (see, hear, feel, ect) and delusions are things the person thinks are happening or going on.
What is the difference between Bipolar Disorder Type 1 and Type 2?
type 1: more manic episodes than depressive episodes
type 2: hypomania (less) and more depressive episodes
What is the main cause of PTSD and what are the symptoms that the person presents?
PTSD can develop after exposure to a traumatic event and involves symptoms such as intrusive memories, avoidance, negative changes in mood and cognition, and hypervigilance.
What is mysophobia?
Fear of germs or dirt.
What are some common misconceptions or myths about ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder?
beliefs that they result from poor parenting or are simply a phase that children will outgrow.
What are some challenges faced by individuals with schizophrenia in everyday life?
stigma, difficulty maintaining employment, managing symptoms, and accessing appropriate treatment and support.
How do treatments for bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder differ?
mood stabilizers, antipsychotic medications, and psychotherapy, while treatments for major depressive disorder may include antidepressants, therapy, and lifestyle changes.
What are the 4 stages of the OCD cycle?
-Obsessive Thought -Anxiety -Compulsive Behavior -Temporary Relief
What are the 3 central characteristics of abnormal behavior?
1. Deviant 2. Distressful 3. Dysfunctional