Legal Fundamentals
This legal system relies on past judicial decisions to resolve future disputes.
Common Law
This document was adopted in 1948 to affirm the dignity and rights of all people.
The UDHR
These are the two main forces currently fighting in Sudan's civil war.
the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF)
This UN agency leads international efforts to combat drugs, organized crime, and terrorism.
the UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)
Name two rights protected by the UDHR that are often violated in modern armed conflicts.
the right to life and the right to security of person (also acceptable: right to education, freedom from torture, etc.
What is the idea that laws should be based on moral principles and universal truths?
Natural law
This legal test is used in Canada to determine if a limit on rights is reasonable
Oakes Test
Name two protections the Geneva Conventions guarantee to prisoners of war.
They must be treated humanely and cannot be tortured or subjected to humiliating treatment.
This international policing agency facilitates drug enforcement collaboration but has no arrest powers.
INTERPOL
In a common law system, judges must follow previous decisions unless these are overturned. This is called:
Precedent or stare decisis
This court case set a precedent about the limits of government power in Canada.
Roncarelli v. Duplessis
This type of crime, defined in the Rome Statute, involves widespread attacks on civilians during peacetime or war.
Crimes against humanity
Why is the use of the Notwithstanding Clause controversial in the context of the Charter?
It allows governments to override certain rights without judicial review.
This legal process allows one country to transfer a suspect to another for trial.
Extradition
This legal concept refers to a state or court’s authority to hear a case, apply laws, and enforce decisions within a defined area or over certain people.
Jurisdiction
What is the theory that laws are shaped by social, political, and economic conditions
legal realism
Genocide is defined in international law as acts committed with this specific intent.
the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group
This concept means that a state has the authority to govern itself without external interference
Sovereignty
What is money laundering?
The concealment of the origins of illegally obtained money.
What cartel did El Chapo run?
Sinaloa Cartel
This historic English document limited the power of the monarchy and introduced the idea of due process.
Magna Carta
The first Geneva Convention focused on the treatment of this group.
The wounded and sick soldiers
The ICC can only prosecute crimes if the country is a member or this condition is met.
Referral by the UN Security Council
Which terrorist group leverages drug trafficking corridors that run through Guinea-Bissau and the Sahel to fund their activities?
al-Qaeda in the Maghreb (AQIM)
This Canadian played a key role in drafting the UDHR
John Humphrey