Can't Stop the Bleed
Can be a complication of bone marrow disorder or immune system problem.
What is thrombocytopenia?
These are modifiable risk factors to prevent DVTs
What is avoid traditional birth controls, smoking cessation, adequate hydration, leg exercises, regular walks, avoid sitting for long periods, compression stockings (TEDs), SCDs.
Elevated in liver disease and checked in Warfarin therapy
Positive Homans Sign
What is DVT?
What precautions are needed for platelets <10,000 uL
What are bleeding precautions?
*Less than <20,000uL = can have spontaneous bleeds
Affects all three clotting pathways
What is vitamin K?
Bilberry, Black Cohosh, Feverfew, Garlic, Ginger, Ginkgo Biloba, Ginseng, Niacin, Turmeric
What are herbal supplements that can affect clotting?
Venous stasis, endothelial damage, blood hypercoagulability
What is Virchows Triad?
Major concern for brain bleed or other internal bleeding
What is thrombocytopenia?
IV drug use, indwelling devices, trauma or injury
What is endothelial damage?
INR 3.0
What is therapeutic value for Warfarin therapy?
Therapeutic INR is 1.5-4 with Warfarin therapy
Complication from a clot that has traveled to the lungs.
What is a pulmonary embolism?
Patient arrives with petechiae, recent nose bleeds, and blood in the urine. The doctor orders labs. Name those labs.
What is a CBC?
Protein that is used to convert Fibrinogen to Fibrin
What is Thrombin?
Subcutaneous form of anticoagulant that has antidote of protamine sulfate and can cause elevated liver enzymes.
What is enoxaparin?
Intervention to prevent clot from traveling to heart and lungs
What is IVC filter placement?
Excessive blood clotting that places patient at risk for drop in platelets as a reaction
What is HIT?
Activated when there is contact with a damaged blood vessel
What is the intrinsic pathway?
*Think of this as internal pathway, activated by interval vessel damage
Elevated in liver disease, MI, post op, cancer, and pregnancy, DVT/VTE
What is D-dimer?
Immoblization, varicose veins, surgery, long travels, A.Fib, Heart Failure
What are causes of blood stasis?