Logic
Patterns for Purpose
Parts of an Essay
Summary, Paraphrase, Quote
Description/Narration
100

Something that can be or has been proven

What is a Fact.

100

Explaining how something works, or how it is made, or how it is done.

What is process analysis.

100

It is the most important sentence in the essay since it states the focus of the essay and what will be proven.

What is the thesis statement.
100

Using the exact words in the same order as the source is 

What is quoting.

100

Using words to create mental pictures.

What is description writing.

200

A conclusion that is made by understanding what the writing "suggests" rather than states.

What is an inference.

200

This democratic form of government will never work because it has been used before in other countries and although they were successful for a while, in the end they failed to prosper.  This lead to the eventual loss of control to other nations.

What is a comparison/contrast argument.
200

This should be interesting, grab the reader's attention, and focus on the topic of the paper.

What is the opening statement (hook).

200

According to Dr. Smith, earbuds are beginning to have negative effects on teens' hearing (19).

What is a paraphrase.

200
Writing that tells a story
What is narrative writing.
300

A flaw

What is an error in logic or logic fallacy.

300
I was fearful of my grade in that class.  I had missed several classes and tardy for several more. When I received my grades my fears were confirmed.  I had too many missing assignments and late assignments for the days I missed or was tardy.

What is a cause and effect analysis.

300

Thesis/Main Points: Due to the rise in teen accidents, driving age should be raised to 18 years old.  Doing this will provide for increased maturity, increased empathy, less dependance on cell phones.

The first reason the driving age should be increased is to ensure that drivers have mentally matured enough to operate a vehicle.



What is a topic sentence.
300

In the article, "The Best thing about dogs" the author  explains that dogs are good for our health as they provide companionship, which enriches both emotional and thus physical health.  Additionally, the author shows that most people with dogs get out of their houses more often and get more exercise than those who do not (Kline 3).

What is a summary.

300

What kind of details?

She walked across the ominously dark parking lot.  The crickets and frogs in the distance serenaded her as she searched for the car she had parked there hours before.

What are expressive details.

400

Logical or Logic Fallacy

The team should win today since they all got the day off to rest.

What is a logic fallacy.

400

Empathy for others and an innate ability to listen to not only what is said, or isn't said are the hallmarks of a good doctor.

What is a definition pattern.

400

Which is the best evidence for raising the driving age?

1. Research has proven that the frontal lobe (responsible for rational thought) doesn't fully develop until early adulthood.

2. Students get into dangerous situations all the time because of a lack of maturity.  

What is answer number one.

400

To effectively do this, a writer must make sure that the structure, syntax, and language of the original is not the same while keeping the message the same as the original.

What is paraphrasing.

400

What kind of details?


She walked in the dark to her car.  The lack of light made it difficult to discern the difference between her dark blue car and the other dark colored cars parked near it.

What are objective details.

500

Relevant or irrelevant

Attendance is the most important indicator of student achievement.  This is evidenced in the article 5 tips to Improve Student Performance that states that "Daily Self-Reflection" is necessary for success (https://www.teacherready.org/increase-student-achievement/).  If a student is not in class, he/she cannot reject on his/her understanding.

What is relevant.

500

Shelly was giving a speech about the importance of wearing seatbelt at all times.  She wishes to relay a person experience in which she and her mother nearly died in an accident because they had not fasted their seatbelt.  

What is a narrative pattern.

500

Stating the main points then the thesis is a strategy for what? 

What is restating the thesis and main points in the conclusion.
500

True or False

Summary is used when a reader needs to only understand the gist of a source or a selection of a source.

What is true.

500

Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How are used in narrative writing and are called....

What are journalistic details.