What is a relative age of a rock?
A. An exact age, in years
B. an exact age as shown by index fossils
C. an approximate age when compared to other rocks
What is C. an approximate age when compared to other rocks.
100
Which principle could be used to date a stack of horizontal rock layers?
A. superpostition
B. lateral continuity
C. cross-cutting relationships
What is A. superposition
100
Which principle states that sedimentary rocks are deposited as large sheets of sediment?
A. correlations
B. lateral continuity
C. original horizontality
What is B. lateral continuity
100
Which statement is true of inclusions?
A. They are older than the rocks that contain them.
B. The are younger than the rocks that contain them
C. They are the same age as the rocks that contain them
What is A. They are older than the rocks that contain them.
100
What is true of any fault?
A. it is older than the rocks it cuts.
B. It is younger than the rocks it cuts.
C. It is the same age as the rocks it cuts.
What is B. It is younger than the rocks it cuts
200
What is a unconformity?
A. an erosional gap in the rock record.
B. a method of matching similar rock layers
C. a contact between sedimentary and other rock types.
What is C. a contact between sedimentary and other rock types.
200
Which species make good index fossils?
A. ones that were very large.
B. ones that lived in one place.
C. ones that lived for a short period of time
What is C. ones that lived for a short period of time.
200
An absolute age of a rock is an
A. in years
B. based on fossils
C. relative to another rock
What is A. in years
200
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers
A. protons
B. neutrons
C. electrons
What is B. neutrons
200
During radioactive decay
A. the amount of parent material increases
B. the amount of daughter material increases
C. the half-life of the parent material gets longer
What is B. the amount of daughter material increases
300
An absolute age of a mammoth bone could be determined using
A. carbon-14
B. rubidium-87
C. uranium-238
What is A. carbon-14
300
Earth's approximate age was determined using isotopes that have
A. very long half-lives
B. low ratios of c-14 to C12
C. steep radioactive decay curves
What is A. very long half-lives
300
Radiometric methods provide accurate ages for
A. igneous rocks
B. carbon-rich rocks
C. sedimentary rocks
What is A. igneous rocks
300
Radiometric dating methods indicate that Earth is about years old.
A. 4.54 billion
B. 4.54 thousand
C. 4.54 million
What is A. 4.54 billion
300
A break, or gap, in the rock record is evidence of____________.
What is uncomformity
400
Sedimentary rocks are often dated using________________ methods.
What is relative dating
400
_________________ is the idea that conditions and creatures on Earth change as a result of quick, violent events.
What is catastrophism.
400
Matching rock layers in different parts of the same state is an example of _________________.
What is correlation.
400
_________________ states that in undisturbed rock layers, the youngest rock layers are on top.
What is Superpostition
400
According to __________________ processes that are occurring today are similar to processes that occurred in the past.
What is uniformitarianism
500
According to __________________ sediment is deposited in large, continuous sheet.
What is lateral continuity
500
___________________ fossils form as the result of extreme pressure on organic remains that drives off all liquids and gases.
What is carbon film
500
Petrified wood is an examples of a _________________ fossil.
What is mineral relplacement
500
A fossil ___________________ is an impression of an organism in rock.
What is mold
500
Soft tissues such as skin and muscle are most likely preserved as ______________ fossils.