Chapter 15 A
How would you test the temperature of a resident's food?
Place your hand over the top of the dish to sense the heat.
What are the 4 consistencies that liquids can be?
thin, nectar, honey, pudding
Residents should be drinking at least how many 8 oz. glasses of water per day.
Minimum of 6
Name 2 of the 3 things the book discusses as influencing people's food preferences.
Culture
Religion
Geography
Name 2 products people consume that are high in sugar and calories but have little nutritional value.
sugar
sweets
syrups
jellies
sugary drinks, candy etc.
How can an individual who cannot or does not consume dairy products ensure they get enough calcium?
Drink products that are enriched with calcium.
ex) soy milk, almond milk, oat milk, etc.
A resident drank half of a 6 oz. glass of juice and all of his 8 oz glass of water. How much intake would you record and in what unit?
330 mL
What are 2 signs of fluid overload?
Swelling/edema
Difficulty breathing
Decreased urine output (because it is staying in the body)
Increased heart rate
Increased blood pressure
Name 3 foods where protein is found.
Meat
Fish/Seafood
Eggs
Tofu/Beans
Daily
Nuts
How is dietary fiber beneficial? (2 ways)
Helps improve bowel elimination and provide a feeling of fullness
How can unintentional weight loss affect the skin?
Cause it to breakdown and become fragile.
Increases the risk of pressure ulcers.
Name 2 things you might notice in a person who has fluid overload.
Swelling/edema
weight gain
decreased urine output
shortness of breath
increased heart rate
anxiety
skin that appears tight, smooth, and shiny
Why is protein important for the body?
It is essential for tissue growth and repair
50% of grain intake should come from whole grains. Whole grains contain what 2 things in addition to the endosperm?
Bran and Germ
This macronutrient, as it breaks down, can damage the kidneys and may be limited in a person with kidney disease.
Protein
What type of vitamins can be stored in the body and what type of vitamins cannot be stored in the body?
Stored: fat-soluble (A, D, E, K)
Not stored: water-soluble (B and C)
What are the 3 macronutrients and what do they do for our bodies?
Protein: build and repair
Fat: store energy, and some vitamins
Carbohydrates: Provide energy (main)
What type of diet would you expect to be ordered for someone with high blood pressure, heart disease, or fluid retention?
Low sodium
What is the term for difficult swallowing? If a resident has an affected side, what side should the nursing assistant place food when assisting a resident with eating?
Dysphasia
Non-affected or stronger side
When working with an individual who has a tube feeding how high should the HOB be elevated always? During feeding? What is one of the greatest risks for them? And what illness can this lead to?
30 degrees
45 degrees
Aspiration
Pneumonia
What do the following terms mean?
NPO
NCS
nothing by mouth
no concentrated sweets