Nervous/Musculo-Skeletal
loss of muscle function, sensation, or both
paralysis
occurs with spinal cord injuries, over-reacts to a stimulus (full bladder, constipation), causing excessive high blood pressure, stroke, seizure, MI, or death. Treatment raise the head of the bed or person sits upright if allowed. Monitor urine output.
autonomic hyperreflexia
red blood cells are called
erythrocytes
excessive loss of blood in a short time
hemorrhage
occurs when stomach contents flow back up into the esophagus, heartburn, pain in the chest or upper abd, dysphagia
GERD-gastro-esophageal reflux disease
paralysis in the legs, lower trunk, and pelvic organs
paraplegia
Autoimmune disease that attacks the lining of the joint. wrists and fingers are common, bilaterally, symptoms fever and fatigue
Rheumatoid arthritis
working phase of the heart
systole
these disorders interfere with O2 and CO2 exchange in the lungs, they obstruct airflow, smoking is a risk factor, has no cure, less air gets into the lungs; less air leaves the lungs
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
pouches in the colon that become infected or inflamed when feces enters, abd. pain, fever, cramping, diarrhea or constipation
diverticulitis
paralysis in the arms, legs, trunk, and pelvic organs
quadriplegia/tetraplegia
broken bone has come through the skin
open fracture (compound fracture)
plaque made up of cholesterol, fat, and other substances collects on artery walls
atherosclerosis
barrel chest, alveoli enlarged exchange of O2 and CO2 cannot be exchanged
emphysema
infection of the liver caused by a virus, jaundice, fatigue, loss of appetite, clay colored bm's, itching, there are 5 different kinds
Hepatitis
Hep A-contaminated water/food with feces of inf person
Hep B-spread by infected blood/bodily fluids
Hep C-contaminated needles drug use, dirty needles
Hep D & E-occurs when infected with Hep B spread through sexual contact
bumps, blows, or jolts to the head or penetrating injuries. Causes are falls, traffic accidents, violence, sports, explosive blasts and combat injuries. Cognitive problems, sensory problems, communication problems
Traumatic brain injury
bone is moved back into place
reduction
chest pain from reduced blood flow to part of the heart muscle is called
angina
rest 3 to 15 min.
nitro
not relieved in a few min. seek emergency care
bacterial infection in the lungs, it can occur in other parts of the body, spread by airborne droplets with coughing, sneezing, speaking
TB (tuberculosis)
occur at any age even in children, overweight, slow onset, slow wound healing, pancreas secretes insulin but the body cannot use it well
Type 2 Diabetes
attacks the nerve cells that control voluntary muscles, rapidly progressive, and fatal disease. Strikes a person between 40-60yo, does not affect the mind or memory, has no cure, do ROM, person cannot move arms, legs and body
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) or Lou Gehrig's disease
adduction, internal rotation, severe hip flexion, crossing legs should be avoided when...
someone just had hip surgery (the prosthesis can dislocate) keep the legs abducted at all times
this side of the heart cannot pump blood normally, blood backs up into the lungs and respiratory congestion occurs
left sided congested heart failure
buildup of lymph in the tissues causing edema, affects an arm or leg,
causes: cancer, infection, surgical removal of lymph nodes
lymphedema
pt has fatigue, dizzy, hungry, sweating, shaky, confused
hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
check blood glucose
treat-juice, glucose gel, pop
wait 15 min. recheck blood sugar, if still low give another snack if meal is not available