A written summary of journal articles, books, and other documents that describes the past and present state of information on the topic of the research study.
What is a Literature Review?
100
Any influences in the selection of participants, the procedures, the statistics, or the design likely to affect the outcome and provide and alternative explanation for results than what was expected.
What are extraneous variables?
100
Experiments which include assignment, but not random assignment of participants to groups.
What is a Quasi-Experiment?
100
Square root of the variance.
What is standard deviation?
100
A committee of faculty who reviews and approves research so that the rights of humans are protected.
What is an institutional review board?
200
Literature reported by the individual(s) who actually conducted the research or who originated the ideas.
What is Primary Research?
200
A measure on some attribute or characteristics that is assessed for participants in an experiment after a treatment.
What is a posttest?
200
Experiment in which the researcher randomly assigns participants to different conditions of the experimental variable.
What is a true experiment?
200
Total of the scores divided by the number of scores.
What is the mean?
200
Make predictions that there will be no statistically significant difference between the independent variable and the dependent variable.
What is the null hypothesis?
300
Statement that advances the overall direction or focus of the study.
What is the Purpose Statement?
300
Variables that the researcher controls for using statistics and that relate to the dependent variable but do not relate to the independent variable.
What are covariates?
300
Experimental design which represents a modification of the between-group design in which the researcher studies two or more categorical, independent variables, each examined at two or more levels.
What is a factorial design?
300
Term given to the score the divides the scores, rank-ordered from top to bottom, in half.
What is the median?
300
A subgroup of the target population that the researcher plans to study for the purpose of making generalizations about the target population.
What is a sample?
400
Problems in drawing correct inferences about whether the covariation between the presumed treatment variable and the outcome reflects a causal relationship.
What are threats to internal validity?
400
Design which consists of studying one group, over time, with multiple pretest and posttest measures or observations made by the researcher.
What is a time series design?
400
The term given to the score that appears most frequently in a list of scores.
What is the mode?
400
The process of corroborating evidences from different individuals, types of data, or methods of data collection in descriptions and themes in qualitative research.
What is triangulation?
500
A characteristic or attribute of an individual or an organization that researchers can measure or observe and varies among individuals or organizations studied.
What is a variable?
500
Problems that threaten our ability to draw correct inferences from the sample data to other persons, settings, treatment variables, and measures.
What are threats to external validity?
500
Design which consists of observing and measuring behavior during a trial period, administering an intervention, and observing/measuring behavior after the intervention.
What is an A/B Design?
500
The difference between the sample estimate and the true population score.
What is sampling error?
500
Occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected by the researcher when it is actually true.