Seizures
The nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving scheduled doses of phenytoin and begins to experience diplopia. Which of the following assessments should the nurse complete immediately?
Nystagmus or confusion
Diplopia is a sign of phenytoin toxicity. The nurse should assess for other signs of toxicity, which include neurological changes such as nystagmus, ataxia, confusion, dizziness, or slurred speech.
A nurse is teaching the family of a client with Parkinson’s disease. Which of the following statements by the family reflects a need for more education?
“We can buy lots of soups for Dad.”
“We are teaching Dad posture exercises.”
“Dad is going to do his range of motion (ROM) exercises three times a day.”
“The bath bars will be installed before Dad comes home.”
"We can buy lots of soups for dad"
Aspiration risk
Which of the following measures should the nurse prioritize when providing care for a client with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Vigilant infection control and adherence to standard precautions
Infection control is a priority in the care of clients with multiple sclerosis (MS), since infection is the most common precipitator of an exacerbation of the disease. Decreases in cognitive function are less likely, and MS does not typically result in hypotension or fluid volume excess or deficit.
Which part of the brain is in charge of movement, emotions, memory, language, social, sexual behaviour (ahhhh shiiiiii), and personality?
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Frontal lobe
(Think big forehead on Mike and Paige = big personalities bc we are crackheads)
25-year Paula. Husband was sitting next to her on the sofa when she started plucking her clothes and smacking her lips. When he asked her what she was doing she did not reply but dropped to the floor and started “all over body jerking.” When she woke up, she didn’t know where she was and there was blood running from her mouth.
What caused Paula's seizure?
Which of the following characteristics of a client’s recent seizure is congruent with a complex partial seizure?
The seizure involved lip smacking and repetitive movements.
The most common complex partial seizure involves lip smacking and automatisms (repetitive movements that may not be appropriate). Loss of consciousness, bilateral brain involvement, and a tonic phase are associated with generalized seizure activity.
3 Things associated with Parkinson's are:
Bradykinesia, Rigidity, and Dyskinesia.
Explain these.
Bradykinesia – slow and methodical in movement, calculating in how they move
Rigidity - stiffness
Dyskinesia – not purposeful movement, not connected, its asynchronous, doesn’t fit with what theyre trying to accomplish
Here are some generalized risk factors for MS. Make them more specific:
Age:
Gender:
Geography:
Ethnicity:
Family risk:
Age: younger population
Gender: female
Geography: low exposure to sunlight/further away from equator (vitamin D deficiency)
Ethnicity: white
Family risk: YES. Genetics.
Which part of the brain is in charge of bodily sensations?
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Medulla
Temporal Lobe
Parietal lobe
(You come out of your PARents BODY)
What type of seizure is this: > 1 min. Post-ictal. Often involve lip smacking & repetitive movement.
Simple
Complex
Tonic-Clonic
Absence
Complex (altered consciousness)
A client has a tonic–clonic seizure while the nurse is in the client’s room. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- Insert an oral airway during the seizure to maintain a patent airway.
- Restrain the client’s arms and legs to prevent injury during the seizure.
- Avoid touching the client to prevent further nervous system stimulation.
- Time and observe and record the details of the seizure and postictal state.
- Time and observe and record the details of the seizure and postictal state.
The nurse recently admitted a client with a diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) to a long-term care facility. Which of the following actions should the health care team take in order to promote adequate nutrition for this client?
Provide small, frequent meals throughout the day that are easy to chew and swallow.
Nutritional support is a priority in the care of individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Such clients may benefit from meals that are smaller and more frequent than normal and that are easy to chew and swallow. Multivitamins are not necessary at each meal, and vitamin intake, along with protein intake, must be monitored to prevent contraindications with medications. It is likely premature to introduce a minced or puréed diet, and a low carbohydrate diet is not indicated.
A 36-year-old female reports double vision, visual loss, muscular weakness, numbness of the hands, tremors and incontinence. Based on this information, what does the nurse suspect?
Parkinson’s disease
Absence seizures
Multiple sclerosis
Epilepsy syndrome
MS
Which part of the brain is in charge of hearing, speech, memory and emotions?
Medulla
Parietal Lobe
Cerebellum
Temporal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
What type of seizure is this: rarely beyond adolescence. Brief staring spell for a few seconds.
Simple
Complex
Tonic-Clonic
Absence
List possible seizure triggers.
The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson’s disease who has decreased tongue mobility and an inability to move the facial muscles. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is of highest priority?
Activity intolerance related to immobility
Toileting self-care deficit related to impaired mobility
Ineffective health management related to difficulty managing complex treatment regimen
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to insufficient dietary intake
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to insufficient dietary intake
A female client who has multiple sclerosis (MS) asks the nurse about risks associated with pregnancy. Which of the following responses by the nurse is accurate?
- “MS symptoms may be worse after the pregnancy.”
- “Women with MS frequently have premature labour.”
- “Symptoms of MS are likely to become worse during pregnancy.”
- “MS is associated with a slightly increased risk for congenital defects.”
- “MS symptoms may be worse after the pregnancy.”
Which part of the brain is in charge of breathing, HR, and temperature?
Cerebellum
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Medulla
Medulla
What type of seizure is this: decreased LOC, stiffening & jerking.
Simple
Complex
Tonic-Clonic
Absence
tonic = stiffening
clonic = jerking
Which of the following prescribed interventions will the nurse implement first for a hospitalized client who is experiencing continuous tonic–clonic seizures?
Give phenytoin 100 mg IV.
Monitor level of consciousness.
Obtain computed tomography scan.
Administer lorazepam 4 mg IV.
Administer lorazepam 4 mg IV.
The nurse assesses a client in the health clinic who has symptoms of a stooped posture, shuffling gait, and pill rolling-type tremor. Which of the following topics should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- Oral corticosteroids
- Antiparkinsonian drugs
- The purpose of electroencephalogram (EEG) testing
- Preparation for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Antiparkinsonian drugs
The nurse is caring for a client with multiple sclerosis (MS) who has urinary retention caused by a flaccid bladder. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- Teach the client how to prevent UTI’s.
- Decrease the client’s fluid intake in the evening.
- Assist the client to the commode ever 2 hours during the day
- Suggest the use of incontinence briefs for nighttime use only.
- Teach the client how to prevent UTI’s.
Which part of the brain is in charge of balance and coordination?
Cerebellum
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Pons
Cerebellum
What type of seizure is this: awareness, consciousness & memory preserved. < 1 min. motor, sensory, autonomic.
Simple
Complex
Tonic-Clonic
Absence
Simple (preserved consciousness)