Ultrasound Physics
What is the average speed of sound in soft tissue?
1,540 m/s
What carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, throughout the body?
Arteries
What is the most accurate angle for measuring velocities?
60 degrees or less
Pear shaped organ in the RUQ?
Gallbladder
The posterior cul-de-sac
To avoid aliasing, this must not be at its limit, what is it?
Nyquist limit
What is the longest vein in the body?
GSV
What Doppler method is used for measuring low or slow velocities?
Power Doppler
What is the most common liver pathology?
Fatty liver
What is the most accurate measurement for a fetus in the first trimester?
CRL- crown rump length
What function allows for brightness changes at different depths on the ultrasound machine?
TGC
Pulsatile and Triphasic
What artifact is created when turbulence is present in spectral Doppler
Spectral broadening
What is fluid in the kidneys called?
Hydronephrosis
How should the BPD be measured?
From outer to inner
The location where the beam is the narrowest?
The focus
Which vessel changes size with respiration?
IVC
Which is the artifact called when there is a stone present?
Acoustic shadowing
Where is the duct of Santorini located?
The pancreas
What is the inner muscular layer of the uterus called?
Myometrium
How many crystals are used with continuous wave Doppler?
2
This waveform is seen PROXIMAL to an arterial stenosis?
Staccato
What happens to the frequency when the wavelength increases?
Frequency decreases
What is the most common cause of a bullseye sign in the abdomen?
Intussusception
What is the most common cancer of the female pelvis?
Endometrial carcinoma