Factors
Sediment Balance
Climate Change impacts
Impacts
Protection
100
Does the slope increase or decrease with erosion?
Decrease.
100
Does still water hold sediment?
No.
100
Sea level rise allows water to reach higher-up sediment, which is less/more dense, therefore has more/less adhesion due to deposition/cementation.
less, less, cementation
100
Sandy Adam's house is ______ feet away from the sea. (I'm using the original US units bc I don't expect you to convert to metric)
6 feet away. I think, soon, it'll be six feet under!
100
True/False: Bulkheads are concrete structures installed underwater that reduces the wave energy.
False. Seawalls are.
200
What are the three components of wave energy?
Wave frequency, wave speed, wave height.
200
When water evaporates, does the sediment content increase or decrease?
The sediment content decreases. When water evaporates, the water volume decreases. Either the speed increases, sediment shrinks, or sediment falls out of suspension. The latter occurs.
200
______ ocean _______ increase, strength, and allow hurricanes to reach further north.
Rising, temperatures
200
Many people have lived in a place for many ________, and face a mental dilemma between their ________ health and their past.
generations, mental
200
What would be some of the upsides of powered boating bans in vulnerable areas (there's more than one)?
- Protecting the intertidal zone
- Reducing unnecessary wave energy increase (from wake)
- Less sulphur in the ocean
- etc.
300
What is the sea level rise cycle?
Water → Evaporation → Storms → Waves
300
List the 4 principles of sediment balance.
1. Water can hold a fixed amount of sediment
2. Faster speed, more sediment. Still water, no sediment
3. Coarser sediment is harder to put into suspension
4. Water systems will use erosion or deposition to
restore balance
300
When permafrost thaws, the soil turns to ________ and the adhesion increases/decreases.
slurry, decreases
300
True or false: Houses that are uninsured often contain racially marginalized people. Explain why.
True. 10% of houses are uninsurable (hazardous) as a result of flooding and most of the people living in the hazardous areas are marginalized groups who can't afford to leave it.
300
What are the upsides of hard slope armoring from economic, time, and safety perspectives?
Daksh approves of it.
400
Why might sediment at the bottom of the ocean not erode (think cementation, rock types, and the rock cycle)
The sediment is cemented by the force of water, and it turns into sedimentary rock. That is too much adhesion.
400
How does coastal slope impact sediment balance?
Steeper slopes have more deposition.
Note: There is a feedback loop. When the slope decreases, the slope reduction and erosion accelerates.
400
Roughly how much does coastal erosion in the North Atlantic caused by icebergs cuts into the coastline each year?
Around 1 meter annually.
400
List the hazards associated with standing water.
- Mosquito breeding
- Bacteria (legionela, biofilm, e. coli)
- Contamination
400
How might biotic AND abiotic objects in the intertidal zone anchor together the ground?
- Anemone & barnacles firmly sticking to the side
- Natural stones blocking sand erosion
- etc.
500
What are other factors that affect adhesion? (Both increase and decrease)
Cementation, ice, and marine life increase adhesion, but water and external disturbances decrease it.
500
What locations might sediment be depositing rather than eroding? (Think sediment-filled waters)
A cove or a bay, due to the sediment saturation and enclosure.
500
Examine the map. State 2 places other than the North Atlantic which will have the coastal erosion speed impacted, along with the impact.
Daksh will approve of the response.
500
List 3 impacts of coastal erosion on the intertidal zone.
- Destroys tiny structures animals use as shelter
- Hiding places from predators reduce
- Flat slope can trap more runoff and garbage
- Thrown out of balance
- Forces a nomadic lifestyle upon the intertidal creatures
500
What sustainable and unsustainable measures has Oakville taken to protect its coastline?
Daksh approves of the response.