Erosion
What type of erosion occurs when the power of seawater forces air into the cracks causing the rocks to break apart?
Hydraulic action.
What coastal management method involves large rocks being placed along the shore to absorb the energy of waves and reduce erosion.
Rock armour
How can beaches or dunes be stabilised?
By planting vegetation or using fences to hold sand in place.
What type of weathering occurs when physical conditions cause rocks to break down?
Physical weathering
What coast is the Kapiti Coast on? North, South, East or West?
The West Coast
What type of erosion occurs when seawater chemically reacts with and dissolves specific rock types and carries the material away?
Solution.
What is a sea wall?
Large concrete or stone walls built along the coast to protect the land from waves and flooding.
What soft engineering option involves the adding of sand to a beach to replace material lost by erosion?
Beach nourishment.
What type of weathering occurs when living organisms break down or weaken rocks?
Biological weathering
True or False: The Kapiti Coast is currently being uplifted.
False: the land is subsiding.
What type of erosion occurs when rocks in the water scrape and rub against the rock cliff removing small pieces (like sandpaper)?
Abrasion.
Are gabions cheaper or more expensive than a sea wall?
Gabions are cheaper.
Is managed retreat a soft engineering option?
No - it involves the movement of people away from the coast.
What type of weathering occurs when a chemical reaction causes rocks to break down?
Chemical weathering.
True or False: The Kapiti Coast is low lying.
True.
Name the 4 types of erosion.
Solution, hydraulic action, abrasion and attrition.
What are 2 disadvantages of hard engineering options?
Expensive. Will eventually need to be replaced. Can create beach access issues. Can look ugly.
Name 3 types of soft engineering methods to prevent erosion.
Beach nourishment. Beach / dune stabilisation. Wetland creation.
Name 3 types of weathering
Physical, chemical and biological
What is causing global sea level rise?
Climate change / global warming.
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering occurs in place. Erosion moves the material.
Sea walls, rock armour, gabions, and groynes.
What are the advantages of using soft engineering methods over hard engineering methods?
Name two types of physical weathering
Freeze-thaw. Wetting and drying
What two factors impact the local sea level rise on the Kapiti Coast?
Global sea level rise and vertical land movement.