What is one simple way parents can encourage bilingualism at home?
A) Only speak in one language at all times
B) Use both languages naturally in daily routines
C) Have their child memorize the dictionary
D) Only allow TV shows in one language
(Answer: B) Use both languages naturally in daily routines
Research shows that bilingual babies can tell their two languages apart as early as:
A) 6 years old
B) Birth to 4 months
C) When they start kindergarten
D) After their first taco and baguette
(Answer: B) Birth to 4 months
Which of the following is an example of cross-linguistic influence?
A) Pronouncing a Spanish "r" in an English word
B) Forgetting both languages and inventing a new one
C) Only speaking in emojis
D) Speaking like Shakespeare in Spanish
(Answer: A) Pronouncing a Spanish "r" in an English word
What is code-switching?
A) A secret spy language
B) Mixing words and phrases from different languages in a conversation
C) A computer programming error
D) Talking in Pig Latin
(Answer: B) Mixing words and phrases from different languages in a conversation
True or False?
Code-switching is a sign of language confusion.
(Answer: False.)
Which of these is a best practice for teachers in bilingual education?
A) Punishing students for using their home language
B) Encouraging code-switching for self-expression
C) Forcing children to translate everything word-for-word
D) Only speaking in English
(Answer: B) Encouraging code-switching for self-expression
True or False?
"Kids must learn one language first before learning another to avoid confusion."
FALSE!!!
What happens when a bilingual child applies grammar rules from one language to another?
A) They get a time-out.
B) This is called cross-linguistic transfer.
C) They automatically lose their bilingual card.
D) Their brain short-circuits.
(Answer: B) This is called cross-linguistic transfer.
Why might a bilingual person code-switch?
A) To fill in gaps when they forget a word
B) To match their listener’s language skills
C) To emphasize a point
D) All of the above
(Answer: D) All of the above
True or false?
Bilingual development can differ from monolingual peers.
True
When assessing a bilingual child for a language disorder, what is the best practice for an SLP?
(Answer: Conduct a comprehensive assessment in both languages, considering typical bilingual development rather than monolingual norms.)
According to Andruski et al. (2014), bilingual toddlers at 12 months already have:
Hint: "___phonolagoical systems"
Separate phonological systems
Name one potential way cross-linguistic influence may affect a child's phonology.
answers may vary
What is the difference between intersentential and intrasentential code-switching?
(Answer: Intersentential is switching between sentences; intrasentential is switching within a sentence.)
Name one social function of code-switching.
(Answer: Identity expression, showing social hierarchy, inclusion/exclusion, emphasizing a concept, adapting to a listener’s proficiency, or using an easier word, etc)
A parent comes in with a 3-year-old who has a limited expressive vocabulary. The parents are bilingual but expressed that they stopped speaking their native language to avoid overwhelming or confusing their child. As an SLP, how should you respond?
You guys are so smart that I'm 100% positive that you gave a wonderful answer, POINTS!
What key piece of evidence suggests that bilingual children develop separate language systems from the start?
Possible hint: The child uses the words table and mesa
Answer: They have translation equivalents, meaning they learn two words for the same concept in each language.
(answers may vary)
What type of speech sounds do bilingual children tend to master more easily?
(Answer: Sounds that exist in both of their languages.)
What kind of words do bilinguals most commonly insert when code-switching within a sentence?
(Answer: Single nouns or noun phrases.)
What type of linguistic environment encourages code-switching in bilinguals?
(Answer: A natural bilingual environment where both languages are used interchangeably.)