Show:
Memory
Model and Processing
Forgetting
Language
Cognition
100
What is learning that has occurred over time when information is acquired, stored, and then retrieved?
Memory
100
What is our immediate and brief recording of sensory information?
Sensory memory
100
What is it called when misleading information can be incorporated into someone's memory
Misinformation effect
100
What is language?
Spoken, written, or signed words and how we combine them to communicate
100
What is the mental activities that are associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating information?
Cognition
200
What is it called when information is processed into our memory?
Encoding
200
Short-term memory and long term memory
Short: holds a few items briefly Long: permanent and limitless storehouse of memory
200
What is it when an attribute of an event to a wrong source? this can also lead to what?
Source Amnesia Deja Vu
200
Lingustic Determinism
hypothesis that language determines the way we think
200
Prototype
mental image or best example of a category
300
What is storage?
When we retain the encoded information
300
What memory holds facts and experiences that we consciously know and can declare
Explicit Memory
300
What is Proactive interference?
when prior learning disrupts the recall of old information
300
Stages of language
Babbling Stage (4 months) One word stage (1 year) Two word Stage (18 month)
300
What is it when people solve problems by narrowing the available solutions to figure out the best solution? What is it when people expand the number of possible solutions to figure out the best solution? (Note: you must have the answers in the correct order)
Convergent thinking divergent thinking
400
What is retrieval?
When we get information back out of our memory
400
What are implicit memories?
When we retain information unconsciously
400
What is Retroactive Interference?
When new learning disrupts the recall of old information
400
What do the Broca's Area and Wernicke's Area of the brain do?
Broca's Area: controls language expression Wernicke's Area: controls language reception
400
How does intuition, representativeness and availability heuristics play a role in our decision making and judgments?
Intuition: automatic feeling or thought about a decision Representativeness: judgments are based on the likelihood of outcomes due to how well they represent a particular prototype Availability: the likelihood of events is based on their mental availability
500
What type of memory is a newer understanding of short term memory that processes incoming information and connecting it to information in our long term memory?
Working Memory
500
What is effortful processing and automatic processing
Effortful: encoding of explicit memories (sensory memory) Automatic: unconscious encoding of information
500
What is the difference between anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia?
Anterograde is when a person has the inability to form new memories Retrograde is when a person has the inability to retrieve information from their past
500
What are the three structures of meaning? What does each mean?
Phonemes: smallest distinctive sound units in language Morphemes: smallest unit in a word that carries meaning in a language grammar: systems of rules that languages have to allow communication
500
How do overconfidence, belief perseverance, and framing all play a role with eye witness testimonies?
Overconfidence: confidence in our beliefs and judgments out skews the accuracy of what people believe/see Belief perseverance: people cling to initial conceptions even after it is discredited....still believe it was a person an eye witness picked out because they were there even if the evidence goes against the testimony Framing: the way detectives pose a question can influence the witness' answer