Cognitive Approach Jeopardy

Thinking and Decision Making

100

This model states that we have 2 systems for problem-solving and decision making

Dual Process Model

200

This system of thinking is fast, automatic, takes shortcuts, uses heuristics, etc

System 1 thinking

300

This system of thinking is slower and more rational; Requires concentration and effort

System 2 Thinking

400

This bias is the tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of info we see when making decisions

Anchoring Bias

500

This bias is when our decisions are influenced by the way information is presented.

Framing Effect

Memory

100

This memory model states that we store memory in multiple places in our minds

The MSM (Multi-Store Model)

200

This memory model states short term memory is not just one store but a number of different stores; explains why we can multi-task

Working Memory Model (WMM)

300

A a system of organizing and perceiving new information; based on our past experiences

Schema

400

A highly detailed, exceptionally vivid "snapshot" of the moment when a surprising and emotionally arousing event happened.

Flashbulb Memory

500

Theory that memory is a process of reconstructing past events using a combination of information from the event, personal experiences, and other cognitive processes

Reconstructive Memory

Cognitive Studies

100

This study showed the effects of the anchoring bias using a hypothetical court case and estimated sentencing

Englich and Mussweiler

200

This study examined the framing effect by presenting hypothetical disease-prevention scenarios

Tversky and Kahneman

300

This study examined the reliability of people's memories by showing videos of car crashes and asking people to estimate how fast the cars were going when they "hit," "smashed," etc.

Loftus and Palmer

400

This case study supports the theory that STM and LTM are located in different memory stores by examining a man without a hippocampus

Milner's HM Study

500

This study examined the role of schemas and their effects on reconstructive memory by having subjects try to remember items from a messy office

Brewer & Treyens

Random

100

The measured variable in research

Dependent Variable

200

Sampling Method: Participants all have an equal chance of being selected. For example, pulling names from a hat

Random

300

Ethical Guideline: Participants should not exposed to physical or psychological harm greater than what they might encounter in everyday life.

(Protection from) Undue Harm

400

According to the Multi-Store Model, how do we transfer information from STM to LTM?

Rehearsal

500

When a sample is an accurate picture of the group you are trying to study it is:

Representative/Generalizable