Show:
Name the Bias
(Given the Definition)
Provide the Definition (Given the Bias)
Explain How it Might Be Confirmation Bias
Passage Analysis 1
Passage Analysis 2
100
​The tendency for an observer, when interpreting and explaining the behavior of another person, to underestimate the relevance of the situation​ and to overestimate the relevance of character​.
Fundamental Attribution Error
100
Define Confirmation Bias
​The tendency to (a) search for, (b) interpret, (c) notice and remember, and / or (d) favor information​ or evidence​ in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs​ or hypotheses​.
100
Steve is concerned about the safety of the MMR vaccine, so he Google’s “MMR dangers and side effects,” skims past the first page of corporate results, and ultimately clicks on “MMR vaccine causes dangerous health effects from autism to death ...”
Search
100
Greg is taking a multiple choice quiz in a subject he hasn't really practiced / studied. For some reason option B just seems right to him.
Possibly an illusion of truth effect
100
Emrah wants to grade as fairly as possible so she's adopted an anonymous grading policy. What cognitive biases might she be hoping to mitigate?
Implicit Bias
200
​The tendency to categorize or draw conclusions about a situation based on a pattern​ of previous experiences or based on beliefs about the kind of situation​ in question. Varieties include: (a) the Conjunction Fallacy, (b) the Base Rate Fallacy, (c) the Gambler’s Fallacy, and (d) Regression to the Mean.
Representativeness Heuristic
200
Availability Bias
​The tendency to assess prevalence​ or probability​ on the basis of how easily one can think of examples.
200
Tamara believes in astrology and enjoys reading his horoscope because it always seems like such a good fit with her life and personality.
Interpretation
200
Steve’s partner has suggested he could be a better listener. Steve thinks this suggestion is really unfair and that he’s usually a good listener. Afterall, he can think of lots of times where he has listened to his partner.
Possibly affected by availability bias.
200
Steve heard the following in a news report: “Early this morning President Ronald Stump tweeted that ‘the murder rate in our country is the highest it’s been in 432 years,’ a statement that is in fact false. In other news...” A week later crime rates come up in conversation between Steve and a co-worker. Steve claims that the murder rate is out of control and that it's the highest it's been in more than a hundred years.
Illusion of Truth
300
​The tendency to react to information and / or choices in different ways depending on how it is presented​.
Framing Effect
300
Illusion of Truth Effect
​The tendency to believe​ information is true as a result of mere exposure​ to it.
300
Jose believes that every time he switches to a lane with a shorter line at the grocery store, the one he switches to ends up going more slowly. What cognitive bias could explain Jose's belief?
Attention and Memory
300
Greta is constantly worries about terrorism and has significantly altered her life so as to avoid any kind of busy public place. What cognitive bias could explain Greta's worries.
Possibly affected by availability Bias
300
Steve judges that it’s more likely for men over 50 to have a heart attack than for men over 20 to have a heart attack.
Probably Representativeness Heuristic
400
​The tendency attribute some quality to members of a certain social group, e.g., race and gender, based on ​implicitly held stereotypes​ and associations​.
Implicit Bias
400
Dunning Kruger Effect
​The tendency of low-ability individuals within a domain to overestimate their competence / skill / ability in that domain.
400
Salma often feels ignored and worries that people won’t like her. She recently passed Sofia near the library and Sofia didn’t wave back. Now Salma is worried that Sofia is annoyed with her.
Interpretation, Attention, Memory
400
At East Lake High School students are automatically enrolled in a critical thinking class but have the option to switch to another elective. Pranav, an East Lake student is taking critical thinking this semester.
Possibly a Framing Effect?
400
​Lorraine is entering a highway on ramp, and she and another vehicle are attempting to merge into traffic at the same time. The other vehicle cuts her off, and Lorraine infers that the driver of that other vehicle is a selfish jerk with no regard for other drivers.
Fundamental Attribution Error
500
​The tendency to (a) search for, (b) interpret, (c) notice and remember, and / or (d) favor information​ or evidence​ in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs​ or hypotheses​.
Confirmation Bias
500
Framing Effects
​The tendency to react to information and / or choices in different ways depending on how it is presented​.
500
Alina believes that seeing 11:11 is the universe's way of urging us to pay attention to our heart, our soul and our inner intuition, and she sees 11:11 everywhere--on his phone, his microwave, his Whole Foods receipt, everywhere!
Attention and Memory
500
Jan posted a meme on facebook with a long list of statistics (with no references) that appeared to support an extreme political view. Someone pointed out to her that snopes.com (a website that fact-checks common memes and rumors to see if they are accurate or not) investigated and found that the statistics on that meme was largely false and fabricated. Jan replied that she didn’t trust snopes. Explain what bias or biases might be at work in Jan’s thinking.
Confirmation Bias, Possibly Dunning Kruger
500
Sabrina is in charge of selecting and hiring a new employee. Each applicant has sent in a resume and a self-assessment of their qualifications and expertise. Which cognitive biases might affect Sabrina's decision?
Implicit Bias and Dunning Kruger