types I
What is black and white thinking?
thinking in absolutes; no greys; all-or-nothing
what does disqualifying the positive mean?
discounting good things that have happened.
"There are only good and bad people"
black and white thinking
"that doesn't count"
discounting the positive
"I'll never be happy"
"this will pass"
"I've been happy before, I will be happy again"
What does jumping to conclusions mean?
imagining we know what others are thinking; predictive the future
what does "should-ing" and "must-ing" mean?
using critical words like should-ing & must-ing can make us feel guilty and/or like we already failed
I should have reached my goal two weeks ago
shoulding & musting
my son is a few minutes late something bad happened
jumping to conclusions
my friend forgot my birthday, she doesn't care about me
busy; life events; kids; work
What does overgeneralizing mean?
seeing a pattern based on a single event (e.g., "nothing good ever happens")
blowing things out of proportion or shrinking something to make it seem less important
"if I don't finish this task, I won't get promoted, and then I'll get fired, and never have a job"
catastrophizing
finding out you didn't get the placement you wanted and you feel you are never going to get a placement
overgeneralization
He ignored me so obviously he doesn't like me
couldn't hear; deep in thought; busy; distracted; hard of hearing; loud noise
What does emotional reasoning mean?
assuming that because we feel a certain way, what we feel must be true (e.g., i feel embarrassed so i must be an idiot)
what does labeling mean?
assigning labels to ourselves or others ("idiot"; "completely useless")
"That person's stupid"
labeling
I'm anxious, so something bad is going to happen
emotional reasoning
I know I'm going to have a panic attack if I attend group so I'll just not go
I can practice coping skills; I can leave if i want but should give it a try; my peers will be there to help if needed
What does mental filter mean?
only paying attention to certain types of evidence
What does personalization mean?
blaming yourself; taking responsibility for something that wasn't your fault
He received a C, despite all his grades being an A, and feels like a failure
mental filtering
"This is all my fault"
personalization
Friend asked for money, need to give it to him despite not having any
"I wish I could loan him $$, but I can't afford it."
"I want to give him money but when I have some to spare"