Types of Cognitive Distortions (1)
Exaggerating the magnitude of a situation or outcome
Catastrophing
Seeing things in "Black and White" or "All or Nothing"
Polarized Thinking
Blaming others for your problems
Blaming
An associate receives a performance review & gets a good review but focuses on one negative comment their Supervisor made about them during the review
Mental Filtering
How many types of cognitive distortions are identified in the article?
15
Assuming you know what someone else is thinking or what an outcome will be
Jumping to Conclusions - Mind Reading or Fortune Telling
Statements of what others "should" or "must" do
Should Statements
Internalizing opinions as facts
Always Being Right
You ask a peer for help with a task. Your peer quickly dismisses your attention and does not help you. Based on this you assume they are a selfish jerk
Labeling
Who is affected by cognitive distortions?
Everyone
Assigning judgment to yourself or others based on one negative occurrence or incident
Labeling
Assuming everything should be applied and measured based on fairness and equality
Fallacy of Fairness
Accepting emotions as facts
Emotional Reasoning
Two people have a disagreement about a project. One believes it should be done their way because that’s how it’s always been done. The other argues based on facts that there are industry-standards that should be followed. The person completely ignores these facts and argues their opinion to any extent
Always Being Right
Types of statements make us feel pressured, guilty or resentful that we use to motivate ourselves to do things and create unrealistic expectations
"Should" statements
Believing you have no control over your situation
Control Fallacies - External Control or Internal Control
Focusing solely on the negatives of a situation or outcome
Mental Filtering - Disqualifying the Positive or Negative Mental Filtering
Having a direct and personal reaction to everything others do or say
Personalization
You attend a meeting but all your peers are busy engaging with other people. You feel like they do not have any interest in engaging in conversation with you. This makes you think you don’t belong or are unfairly excluded
Personalization
Fortune Telling and Mind Reading are types of what cognitive distortion?
Jumping to Conclusions
Believing you should be rewarded based on how hard you work
Heaven’s Reward Fallacy
Fallacy of Change
Focusing on a single event and making a conclusion based on this single piece of negative evidence
Overgeneralization
You were expecting a promotion due to your hard work & believe you worked harder than others but didn’t get promoted. You are upset because you think you should have been rewarded. However, there could have been many reasons why they were promoted over you, hard work isn’t the only consideration
Heaven’s Reward Fallacy
What causes distorted thinking?
Cultural, environmental and social factors