Cognitive Development
This term describes how children think, reason, problem-solve, remember, and learn over time.
What is cognitive development?
These tests measure some abilities but may not capture all of a child’s strengths.
What are standardized intelligence tests?
This theory focuses on how children take in, store, and retrieve information.
What is Information Processing Theory?
The ability to understand language.
What is receptive language?
Creating conversation, read-alouds, and play-based learning builds this type of environment.
What is a language-rich environment?
Cognitive theorists agree that children do this as they learn, rather than passively receiving information.
What is actively constructing knowledge?
A major concern with intelligence testing related to culture and language.
What is bias?
This mental skill helps children focus on what matters during learning.
What is attention?
The ability to use language to express thoughts and feelings
What is expressive language?
This approach means providing early and inclusive support for children with language difficulties.
What are inclusive strategies?
During middle childhood, children’s thinking becomes more ________.
What is logical?
Children show strengths in many ways, not just through test scores. This supports using ______ ways to show learning.
What are multiple ways to demonstrate learning?
This process involves putting information into the brain so it can be remembered.
What is encoding?
Children in middle childhood begin to understand metaphors, idioms, and jokes. This is called understanding ______ language.
What is figurative language?
This standard emphasizes partnerships with families and specialists.
What is NAEYC Standard 2?
According to cognitive theory, learning is shaped by both experience and this important factor.
What is social interaction?
Teachers should use assessments that are responsive to this.
What is culture?
Focuses on attention, memory, encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.
What is the Information Processing Theory
Vocabulary grows rapidly from about 10,000 words at age 6 to about this many by age 11.
What is 40,000 words?
DCFS emphasizes maintaining this type of environment for children.
What is a safe, supportive, and developmentally appropriate environment?
This classroom practice supports how children process information and think more clearly.
What are clear instructions and visuals?
This professional standard emphasizes understanding children’s development in context.
What is NAEYC Standard 1?
This is the process of pulling information back out when needed.
What is retrieval?
This area of language development focuses on taking turns and using appropriate language in social situations.
What is pragmatics (how conversational skills are used)?
Providing visuals, modeling, and clear instructions supports children in this area of learning.
What is information processing?