Long Term Memory
Episodic : Explicit LTM as Priming : __________.
What is Implicit LTM?
Benji lost his keys. He re-traces his day using his _______ for what his typical Tuesday looks like to reconstruct his memories and where he may have left his keys.
What is schema?
Rajan Srinivasen Mahadevan was able to remember many numbers of pi. He forgot the 31,812th digit of pi--a 5. This explains this about capacity of Long Term Memory.
What is unlimited capacity?
Sabrina needs to remember to pick up her prescriptions from the drug store and purchase her ticket for the movie this weekend. She does this by imagining her prescription bottles in her jacket pocket on the coat-hanger next to the door, and the movie ticket sitting on the coffee table in her living room. This mnemonic uses __________.
What is the Method of Loci?
Darwin's emotion experiment taught us this regarding the timing of emotion detection.
What is we generally detect emotion quickly (<=16s)?
Mariana got sick shortly after eating at a new Chinese restaurant. Mariana now doesn't go to the new Chinese restaurant as she believes she will get bad food due to this type of memory.
What is associative memory?
In class, we repeated the Bartlett's "War of Ghosts" Experiment. When Professor Bell asked "Due to the rain, the men couldn’t see the men on the canoe, so how did they know they were there?", what was she doing/using?
What are leading questions?
The old term "use it, or lose it" is the basis for this theory of forgetting, and one reason we might see in the Spanish studies, that people heavily lost their memory for Spanish vocabulary.
What is Trace Decay Theory?
The trace decay theory of forgetting states that if memories are not reviewed or recalled consistently, they will begin to decay and will ultimately be forgotten.
Mark needs to remember a list of to do items for the day in order. So, he remembers coffee next to a bun (his coffee date with a friend), a leash stuffed in his shoe (he needs to take his dog for a walk), and paper falling from a tree (he needs to complete his paper for class). This an example of this type of mnemonic.
What is the Peg-Word System?
The Jerry Maguire Effect stands out in memory when thinking about a person due to what concept in memory?
What is the primacy effect?
In class, we viewed pictures of pennies, and tried to guess which penny had the correct face. Many of us got the answer wrong due to a failure of this.
What is encoding?
Sherry watches a traffic video in which a car accident occurs after a car fails to yield when merging while the car is travelling 15MPH. Later, Sherry's friend asks if she saw the speeding car that smashed into another off HWY 72. Sherry states "Yeah! I can't believe they were going over 50mph!". This is an example of a famous finding.
What is the misinformation effect?
While explaining how trivia night went to her friends, Sammi remembers that she was the one on her team to correctly recall the final answer; however, Sammi fails to recall the 6 other answers she cost the team to get wrong earlier in the night. This reflects this type of bias.
What is self-serving bias?
Bria is trying to figure out why her presentation introduction sounds weird. She thinks about it, and creates pros and cons of the introduction piece out loud. This (also known as __________) is an example of monitoring.
What is metacognitive talk?
This is the reason most polygraph test results cannot be trusted.
What detection of general anxiety about lying (or getting caught) or about being questioned by an authority figure in a new, scary place.
Winnie is studying for an exam on cognitive psychology. Based on what we know about Cognitive Psychology, which of the following is the best ways for them to study?
a) Study all the material every other day for 1 hour in alternating locations (classroom, the library, and at home).
b) Study different parts of the material across several different days, and take practice tests throughout.
c) Study different parts of the material every other day for 1 hour in alternating locations (classroom, the library, and at home). Between study days, take practice tests.
What is "c"?
Daniel asks half of his fútbol team to describe and write down the steps of themselves making a corner kick. He asks the other half of of his fútbol team to imagine themselves making a corner kick, and then write down the steps. A week later, he asks them all to recall the steps of themselves making a corner kick. He finds that the group that imagined it first, recalled more steps (and in more detail) compared to those who were just asked to describe the steps of making a corner kick due to this effect.
What is the imagination effect?
You watch "Crazy Rich Asians", and see an actress you have seen before in "Ocean's 8". Though you recognize her face and voice, and you've known her name before, you fail to recall what her name is due to this.
What is Tip of the Tongue Phenomena?
Stuart has participants perform a short term memory task. After each trial, he asks them how confident were they in their answer. He then compares their confidence rating to their actually accuracy on the task. Stuart is trying to measure this construct.
What is metacognition?
When Professor Bell's Papaw texted her "Heard about your dog. LOL" after her dog died, these 3 important parts of emotion detection were missing.
What are gestures, facial expressions, and tone of voice?
Mr. Scott likes to organize information (e.g. using chunking & hierarchical structures) in his courses as it uses this type of processing, and is better for memory.
What is Effortful (or Elaborative) processing?
One way we can study memory is using _______, which studies how a memory changes after being re-told through multiple people.
What is serial reproduction?
Henry Molaison is famously known for his anterograde amnesia, in which he can't form new episodic memories since he has had his surgery for epilepsy. He has no recall of knowing how to play the piano, as he learned this after his surgery. However, when placed at a piano, he is able to play due to this type of memory.
What is procedural (i.e. "muscle") memory?
Professor Bell has developed a mnemonic to remember the anatomy of the ear. One line of the short story mnemonic is "I bring the cocktails times forty" is used to remember the Inner ear contains the cochlea, and the organ of corti." What is 1 mnemonic used in this phrase, and where?
What are an acrostic ("I" stands for Inner) and a rhyme (forty rhymes with corti)?
Due to this bias, Sha' Carri Richardson does not view her older losses very negatively anymore, but continues to very positively view her wins even from her earlier race days.
What is Fading Affect Bias?