Early Cognitive Psychology
Early cognitive psychologists used this technique to see how long it took to respond to something.
What is reaction time?
This type of processing in perception is the result of knowledge, context, and expectations, rather than the physical stimuli alone.
What is top-down processing?
This experiment has participants listen to two messages simultaneously, ignoring one message, and attending to the other.
What is the dichotic listening task?
This mental activity involves "thoughts that come from within" and consumes more than 40% of everyday thought.
What is mind wandering?
This type of memory allows you to see the trail of light left by a sparkler as its waved through the air.
What is iconic memory?
This everyday technological device was part of the cognitive revolution
What is the computer?
This Gestalt principle state that we tend to group things that share visual characteristics, such as color, shape, or size.
What is similarity?
In this experiment participants saw an array of letters for 50 milliseconds followed by a tone corresponding with the row they had to report.
What is Sperling's experiment?
OR What is partial report method?
This effect requires participants to try to name colors and ignore words.
What is the Stroop Effect?
This memory aid can increase the capacity of short-term memory by combining elements into meaningful units
This first experimenter in cognitive psychology looked at the amount of time it takes to make a decision.
Who is Donders?
This physical regularity states that because trees are more likely to be vertical or horizontal than slanted we perceive verticals and horizontals easier.
What is the oblique effect?
This experiment demonstrated experience-dependent plasticity. Participants had increases in the fusiform face area after a 4-day training.
What is the Greebles experiment?
This phenomenon may make you fail to notice a person wearing a chicken costume in the background because you were paying attention to a card trick
What is inattentional blindness?
This model of memory involves the following progression: sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
What is the Modal Model of Memory?
Tolman found that rats created this term which provided evidence for behavior being more than stimulus-response.
What is a cognitive map?
This phenomena states that there are an infinite number of objects that could have created a retinal image.
What is the inverse projection problem?
Research using this type of technique has found that visual working memory may have a smaller capacity and may depend on the complexity of the objects
What is Change Detection?
This term refers to when looking at a rolling red ball, we come to process features such as redness, roundness, and movement as a coherent whole
What is the binding problem?
This STM/Working Memory task is associated with Verbal SAT scores.
What is Reading Span?
This linguist published a scathing review of Skinner's view on language development.
Who is Chomsky?
According to research conducted with Saffran and colleagues using babies, speech segmentation relies on this statistical property of language.
What are transitional properties?
This study lead to the modification of Broadbent’s attention theory due to people hearing their name in the unattended channel.
What is Moray (1959)?
This term refers to the situation, demonstrated in experiments by Anne Treisman, in which features from different objects are inappropriately combined.
What are Illusory conjunctions?
Someone repeatedly sorting by color when they are supposed to sort by shape is demonstrating this deficit that is tied to the central executive.
What is perseveration?