Cold War

Effects of WWII

Containment

Korea & Vietnam

Challenges to USSR

Fall of USSR

100

The imaginary line that divided the Western European countries from the Eastern European countries after World War II was known as the

a. Prime Meridian

b. line of demarcation

c. Iron Curtain

d. Berlin Wall

c. Iron Curtain

100

Which United States foreign policy was used to maintain the independence of Greece and Turkey after World War II?

a. containment

b. neutrality

c. nonalignment

d. militarism

a. containment

100

In what way were Korea & Germany similar after World War II?

a. They refused to align with the superpowers

b. Their former emperors stood trial for war crimes

c. Both remained divided during the Cold War

d. Ethnic tensions threatened civil war in each country

c. Both remained divided during the Cold War

100

The 1956 invasion of Hungary and the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union were attempts to

a. keep Communist governments in power in Eastern Europe

b. decrease Cold War tension between Eastern Europe and the United Nations

c. prevent German militarism from spreading throughout Europe

d. provide humanitarian aid to the ethnic minorities of these nations

a. keep Communist governments in power in Eastern Europe

100

Mikhail Gorbachev’s reforms of perestroika and glasnost resulted in

a. an era of world peace and Soviet prosperity

b. conditions that helped lead to the breakup of the Soviet Union

c. a successful transition to a command economy in Russia

d. censorship of the news media in Russia

b. conditions that helped lead to the breakup of the Soviet Union

200

The primary purpose of the United Nations is to

a. control world grain prices

b. promote democratic governments

c. resolve conflicts between nations peacefully

d. unite all nations militarily through alliances

c. resolve conflicts between nations peacefully

200

The purpose of both the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan was to

a. support the construction of the Iron Curtain

b. increase membership in the United Nations

c. prevent the spread of communism

d. attempt to solve world hunger

c. prevent the spread of communism

200

What was one concern associated with both the Korean War and the Vietnam War?

a. Kim Jong Il and Ho Chi Minh possessed nuclear weapons

b. French colonial rule would continue to influence the region

c. Renewed Japanese imperialism would trigger another world war

d. Communism would spread through eastern and southeastern Asia

200

•Hungarian Revolution (1956)

•Prague Spring (1968)

•Formation of Solidarity in Poland (1979)

One way in which these events are similar is that each is an example of

a. a reaction of a Warsaw Pact nation to the actions of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

b. violence resulting from massive food shortages

c. opposition to communism in Eastern Europe

d. the failure of the European Economic Community (Common Market) to unify its tariffs

c. opposition to communism in Eastern Europe

200

One reason Mikhail Gorbachev implemented the policies of glasnost and perestroika in the Soviet Union was to

a. eliminate freedom of speech and press

b. destroy the power of the opposition party

c. dominate the governments of Eastern Europe

d. encourage political discussion and economic reform

300

In the 1950s, what was the status of most countries in Eastern Europe?

a. members of the Common Market

b. participants in the Marshall Plan

c. allies of the United States

d. satellites of the Soviet Union

300

The purpose of the Truman Doctrine and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was to provide

a. economic and military support to European nations to stop the spread of Communism

b. military troops to end ethnic warfare in the former Yugoslavia

c. humanitarian aid to starving people in Ethiopia and Sudan

d. the rights of freedom of speech and the press to Greek and Turkish citizens

a. economic and military support to European nations to stop the spread of Communism

300

One similarity between the Korean War and the Vietnam War is that both wars were

a. resolved through diplomatic efforts of the United Nations

b. fought as result of differing political ideologies during the Cold War

c. fought without foreign influence or assistance

d. caused by religious conflicts

b. fought as result of differing political ideologies during the Cold War

300

The revolt in Hungary (1956), the demonstrations in Czechoslovakia (1968), and the formation of Solidarity in Poland (1980's) are similar in that the

a. were movements to restore the power of the aristocracy

b. were tolerated by the Communist leaders, who accepted the need for change

c. represented a challenge to Communist leadership

d. represented attempts to rid these countries of Western ideas and influence

c. represented a challenge to Communist leadership

300

"By gently pushing open the gates of reform, he unleashed a democratic flood that wiped out the Soviet universe and washed away the Cold War."

This statement most likely describes the actions of

a. Ruhollah Khomeini

b. Ho Chi Minh

c. Pol Pot

d. Mikhail Gorbachev

400

The political climate of the Cold War caused the world's two superpowers to

a. cooperate in halting the spread of communism

b. colonize Asia & Africa

c. compete economically and militarily

d. protect human rights

c. compete economically and militarily

400

The purpose of the Marshall Plan after World War II was

a. promote the spread of militarism

b. force the losing nations to help areas destroyed in the war

c. rebuild national economies to stabilize governments

d. strengthen the alliances that had won the war

c. rebuild national economies to stabilize governments

400

In Cambodia in the 1970s, the policies of Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge can best be compared to

a. Gandhi's use of hunger strikes in India

b. Napoleon's continental system in Europe

c. Gorbachev's policy of perestroika in the Soviet Union

d. Hitler's "final solution" for the Jews in Europe

400

The events that took place in Hungary in the 1950's and in Czechoslovakia in the 1960's demonstrated the Soviet Union's

a. support of nationalism among satellite nations

b. influence on the economies of developing nations

c. determination to maintain political control over Eastern Europe at that time

d. attempts to promote its artistic and literary achievements in Western Europe

c. determination to maintain political control over Eastern Europe at that time

400

The events that led to the overthrow of Czar Nicholas II in 1917 and to the forced resignation of Mikhail Gorbachev in 1991 show that

a. economic crises often lead to political change

b. Russian absolutism continued into the 1990s

c. international conflicts often strengthen the power of leaders

d. Russia is an ethnically unified nation

a. economic crises often lead to political change

500

After World War II, the Soviet Union established satellites in Eastern Europe to

a. support the remaining Fascist governments in Eastern Europe

b. preserve Capitalism in Eastern Europe

c. establish democratic governments in Eastern European nations

d. expand its power and control over Eastern Europe

500

". . . The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all and consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defense . . . will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith, individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the . . . area. . . ."

Which organization includes this statement in its charter?

a. Warsaw Pact

b. United Nations

c. Organization of American States

d. North Atlantic Treaty Organization

500

The Vietnam conflict of the 1960s and 1970s can be used as an example of the

a. influence of nationalism in Southeast Asia

b. use of nuclear weapons in the 20th century

c. ability of the United Nations to solve international problems

d. success of the United States in stopping the spread of Communism

a. influence of nationalism in Southeast Asia

500

In Eastern Europe during the 1950's and 1960's, the Soviet Union responded to challenges to its control by

a. allowing free elections when its necessary

b. imposing prompt and severe repression

c. obtaining United Nations assistance

d. granting independence to its satellite nations

b. imposing prompt and severe repression

500

One way in which Vladimir Lenin's New Economic Policy and Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perestroika are similar is that both

a. allowed elements of capitalism within a communist economic system

b. strengthened their country's military defenses

c. supported censorship of news and of personal correspondence

d. increased tensions during the Cold War

a. allowed elements of capitalism within a communist economic system