Causes
East Germany & the Soviet Union erected what in 1961 to prevent people from escaping East Germany?
Berlin Wall
What is a type of economic system that values collective, public ownership over land and industry (e.g., Soviet Union)?
Communism
In the Korean War, what side did the United States support and what side did the USSR support in their Proxy War against each other?
USA supported the South/Soviets supported the North
Established in 1949, ( ) served as a military alliance focused on collective defense against the Soviet Union and its allies in the Eastern Bloc.
NATO
Lech Wałęsa and his union led a campaign rally for solidarity against Communism in what country?
Poland
What two reasons caused many newly independent nations in Africa and Asia often side with either the Americans or Soviets after World War II?
To receive economic and military aid
What term describes a state with significant global influence, such as the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II?
Superpower
Which three conflicts that took place during the Cold War best exemplify the concept of proxy war (where superpowers provided support to opposing sides)?
Korean War, Vietnam War, Soviet-Afghan War
What pact was signed between the Soviet Union and its satellite states as a response to the creation of NATO?
Warsaw Pact
What term accurately describes Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of ending censorship and promoting open discussion among Soviet citizens?
Glasnost
What year did the Soviets obtain their first nuclear bomb initiating an arms race and decades of nuclear testing and threats fueling the Cold War tensions even more?
1949
What term refers to a conflict triggered by a superpower but fought in another nation that is ideologically divided, with superpowers backing opposing factions?
Proxy War
( ) refers to the Cold War competition between the United States and the Soviet Union for dominance in space exploration. It involved pioneering achievements like launching artificial satellites, unmanned space probes, and human spaceflight.
Space Race
Authoritarian and Communist
Which term best describes Mikhail Gorbachev's policy that attempted to fix the economy by loosening government and part control of the economy. This transition to capitalism destroyed the communist economy.
Perestroika
In 1947 President Truman stated, "The free peoples of the world look to us for support in maintaining their freedoms. If we falter in our leadership, we may endanger the peace of the world. And we shall surely endanger the welfare of this nation." This quote is representative of what Doctrine?
Truman Doctrine
Which term best describes a state that maintains a façade of independence while being heavily influenced and controlled by another larger power, as exemplified by Poland under Soviet influence or West Germany under the USA?
Satellite State
What event in 1963 brought the USA and USSR to the closest point to all out nuclear war after the USA discovered Soviet ICBMs being placed in Cuba and in response, blockading the island from the Soviets and leading to a tense standoff between the American and Soviet navies.
Cuban Missile Crisis
What two countries did the United States place its ICBMs in which led to the Soviet response to place its own ICBMs in Cuba?
Italy and Turkey
In the late 1980's, years of economic misery and a desire for ( ) resulted in the overthrow of all communist governments in Eastern Europe.
Freedom
The name given to U.S. foreign policy belief that if a country fell to communist then the surrounding countries will fall as well. This theory is known as what?
Domino Theory
Among the following terms, which best describes the strategy where both the United States and the Soviet Union had enough nuclear weapons to prevent either side from launching a nuclear attack?
Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)
How many people left East Germany for West Germany in search of better living conditions, higher wages, and more freedom from 1945 to 1961, ultimately leading to the East German and Soviet governments to construct the Berlin wall?
3.5 million
What agreement did American President Kennedy and Soviet leader Khrushchev make with each other to resolve the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Kennedy agreed to remove American nukes from Italy and Turkey and Khrushchev agreed to not place Soviet nukes in Cuba.
All anti-communist revolutions and overthrows of Communist governments throughout Eastern Europe in 1989 were mostly non-violent and peaceful, except in which country?