Cold War Events 1
What year did Neil Armstrong land on the moon?
1969
A conflict between North Vietnam (communist) and South Vietnam (non-communist). The U.S. tried to stop the spread of communism, but failed. South Vietnam became communist 2 years after the war ended.
Vietnam War
This was built to keep the people of East Berlin from fleeing to West Berlin.
Berlin Wall
This is the political, military, and ideological barrier erected by the Soviet Union after World War II till end of Cold War, to seal off itself and its dependent eastern and central European allies from open contact with the West and other noncommunist areas.
Iron Curtain (1945)
Is the practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason without proper regard for evidence, the term has its origins when Joseph McCarthy accused more than 200 federal employees of being Communists. Even though McCarthy had no proof to support these claims, Americans supported his endeavors to find more "Soviet agents" hiding in Washington.
McCarthyism
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
An organization formed in 1949 that bound the United States, Canada, most of Western Europe, and later Greece and Turkey together in a mutual pact of defense against the USSR and Eastern bloc countries.
NATO
THIS WAS THE NAME OF THE FAILED ATTEMPT TO OVERTHROW FIDEL CASTRO FROM POWER IN CUBA BY THE UNITED STATES AND CUBAN EXILES
Bay of Pigs
Was an amphibious invasion and battle of the Korean War that resulted in a decisive victory and strategic reversal in favor of the United Nations (UN). involved were U.S. Marines, commanded by General of the Army Douglas MacArthur
The operation led to the recapture of the South Korean capital Seoul two weeks later.
Battle of Inchon
(Sep 15-Sep 19 1950)
A U.S. foreign policy meant to prevent communism from spreading outside of the Eastern Bloc states; this policy led to a quadrupling of U.S. defense spending, wars in Korea and Vietnam, the Bay of Pigs invasion and the Cuban missile crisis.
Containment
Khrushchev toured the United States in 1959 and visited personally with President Eisenhower at Camp David, Maryland. The U-2 incident and 1962 Cuban missile crisis, however, ended what little amity existed between the two nations and repolarized the Cold War.
Camp David
When the U.S. used planes to drop food and supplies to help the people of West Berlin.
Berlin Airlift
US Secretary of State George C. Marshall first called for American assistance program to aid Europe, in which the United States (with President Truman) gave monetary support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II in order to prevent the spread of Soviet Communism.
Marshall later won the Peace Nobel Prize.
Marshall Plan
The former Soviet Union successfully launched this artificial satellite. The world's first artificial satellite was about the size of a basketball, weighed only 183 pounds, and took about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth on its elliptical path.
The launch of these satellites astonished the world and scared many Americans.
Sputnik (Oct 4, 1957)
Literally "reconstruction" or "rebuilding." Series of political and economic reforms adopted by Gorbachev that moved the country away from centralized state control. Established that multiple candidates could run for office (though all were Communist Party candidates) and legalized private ownership of businesses.
Perestroika ("restructuring") (1986)
Soviet Union had fallen, largely due to the great number of radical reformst Mikhail Gorbachev had implemented.
The Soviet Union disintegrated into fifteen separate countries.
Its collapse was hailed by the west as a victory for freedom, a triumph of democracy over totalitarianism thereby ending the Cold War.
USSR becomes Russia (Dec 1991)
Khrushchev placed missiles in Cuba after being behind in the arms race. The Soviet Union removes them only when the U.S. promises not to invade Cuba. This became known as the __________________.
Cuban Missile Crisis
The dropping of thousands of tons of food and medical supplies to starving West Berliners after Joseph Stalin closed off all highway and railway access to the city in mid-1948. Stalin hoped to cut off British, French, and American access to the conquered German city, but President Harry S Truman, determined not to lose face or the city, ordered American military planes to drop provisions from the air. The blockade was foiled, and Stalin finally lifted it in 1949.
Berlin Airlift
When a United States ______ spy plane (plane of choice for the spying missions) was shot down over the airspace of the Soviet Union.
During the presidency of Eisenhower and the leadership of Soviet N. Khrushchev
the incident was a great embarrassment to the United States and prompted a marked deterioration in its relations with the Soviet Union.
U-2 Spy Plane (May 1st 1960)
Was an important step in formally normalizing relations between China and U.S, because US upholded an economic embargo against China that lasted some twenty years.
Nixon Visits China (Feb 21 to 28, 1972)
This initiative, also known as Star Wars, was a program initiated under President Ronald Reagan.
plan to research, develop and to use ground and space-based systems to protect the United States from attack by strategic nuclear ballistic missiles.
in order to prevent missile attacks from other countries, specifically the Soviet Union.
SDI/Star Wars (March 23, 1983)
The war fought over the spread of communism between communist N. Korea and non-communist S. Korea; U.S. leaders thought that the Soviet Union had helped plan the attack.
Korean War
Allied leaders USSR (Stalin), USA (Churchill) and UK (Truman), gathered to discuss the spread of Communism and Soviet Union influence in the post war world negotiate terms for the end of World War II and to decide how to handle the defeated Germany.
Potsdam Conference (July 17-Aug 2, 1945)
A pact signed by the USSR and Eastern European countries under Soviet influence.
By signing the pact, they pledged mutual defense in response to the formation of NATO.
The Soviets obviously saw this as a direct threat and responded with the Warsaw Pact.
Warsaw Pact (1955)
North Vietnamese torpedo boats supposedly attacked the USS Maddox in the Gulf of Tonkin, off Vietnam, in a pair of assaults on August 2 and 4 of 1964. It was the basis for the Tonkin Gulf Resolution,
which served as Johnson's legal justification for deploying U.S. conventional forces and the commencement of open warfare against North Vietnam.
This helped lead to greater American involvement in the Vietnam War.
Gulf of Tonkin Incident (August 2nd, 1964)
This was a military campaign during the Vietnam War that was launched on January 30, 1968 by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnam against South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies. It was a campaign of surprise attacks that were launched against military and civilian command and control centers throughout South Vietnam, during a period when no attacks were supposed to take place.
Tet Offensive (Jan 30 1968)