chapter 2
A trial without a jury is called?
a bench trial
A friend of yours puts illegal drugs into your backpack without your knowledge. This is known as
mere possession of the drugs.
Another term for criminal act is
actus reus.
Accessory to a crime is a separate offense, usually a
misdemeanor.
A conspiracy where one or more defendants participate in every transaction is known as
a wheel conspiracy.
According to Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), which of the following describes the constitutional right to privacy?
a fundamental right
For an omission to act to be a crime, what must exist?
a legal duty to act
Factual cause is also known as which of the following?
“but for” cause
According to what rule is even presence at the scene of a crime followed by flight not enough action to satisfy the actus reus requirement of accomplice liability?
the mere presence rule
Conspiracy actus reus consists of two parts: an agreement to commit a crime (in all states) and
an overt act in furtherance of the agreement (in about half the states).
According to the principle of there must be a specific law defining a crime and setting out the punishment before a person can be punished for that crime?
legality
In the English case King v. Cogdon (1951), Mrs. Cogdon was acquitted of murder because
her acts were done while asleep and thus were not voluntary.
Failure-of-proof defenses are also known as
mistakes.
An agreement to commit a crime is a
conspiracy.
Criminal attempts, criminal conspiracies, and criminal solicitation are all what kind of crimes?
Inchoate
Ex post facto laws are forbidden by the Constitution.
True
What modern phrase comes from the ancient idea of manifest criminality?
caught red-handed
In strict liability cases, the prosecution has to prove only that defendants committed a
voluntary criminal act that caused harm.
What dramatically changed the nature of corporations from government entities controlled by government to private business operated by internal management?
the industrial revolution
Voluntary and complete abandonment of an attempt in progress is a defense to what liability in about half the states?
attempt liability
What is the name of a law that criminalizes an act that was innocent when it was committed?
ex post facto law
What type of possession is required by most states before an act can be criminalized?
knowing
Intent to commit a criminal act as defined in a statute is known as
general intent.
What transfers the actus reus and mens rea of an employee to the employer?
vicarious liability
What kind of conduct poses the following dilemma: whether to punish someone who’s done no harm or to set free someone who’s determined to commit a crime?
incomplete criminal conduct