Collective identity
What does affirm mean?
To validate and express commitment to something
What is an annuity?
An annual payment. Under the Numbered treaties, annuities are mostly symbolic today. For example, the members of Treaty 8 each receive $5.00 per year.
What does assimilate mean? Examples?
To become a part of a different cultural group
What are francophones?
Francophones are people who have French as their first language.
What is scrip?
In Métis history, a document that could be exchanged for land and that was offered to the Métis at the time the Numbered Treaties were negotiated.
What is collective identity?
Shared identity of a group of people, especially because of a common language and culture
What are reserves?
land for the exclusive use of First Nations
What is the Indian act?
The Indian Act was a law made to decide what Indigenous people would do. It was made without consulting indigenous people. The Europeans believed that they were superior to others and thus wanted to assimilate them into their society.
What are anglophones?
Angolphones are people who speak English as their first language.
Who was Louis Riel?
A Canadian politician, political leader of the Metis people, founder of Manitoba, and leader of the Red River Resistance and North West Resistance.
What are collective rights?
Rights guaranteed to specific groups in Canadian society for historical and constitutional reasons.
What are numbered treaties?
Numbered treaties are historic agreements that affect the rights and identity of some first nations in Canada. The first number treaty was a proclamation the British made to gain control over North America. The proclamation recognised Indigenous peoples rights to the land.
What is ethnocentrism?
The belief that one's culture is superior to all other culture
What is bill 101?
Bill 101 is a law that declares French as the official language of Quebec.
What did the Manitoba Act give Metis?
Land rights
What is official language community?
One of the groups in Canadian society whose members speak an official language of Canada French or English as their first language
What is treaty 6
Treaty 6 is the sixth of the numbered treaties that were signed by the Canadian Crown. It aims to protect treaty rights, support Indigenous self-government and assist in the political, economic and spiritual advancement of their people. Treaty 6 peoples have also protected their treaty rights through land claims and lawsuits.
What is sovereignty?
Independence as people, with a right to self-government
Which province in Canada is officially bilingual
New Brunswick
In 2003, the Supreme Court granted the right for Metis to do this without a license.
Fish and hunt
What are minority language groups?
A group that speaks one of Canada’s official languages (English or French) and that does not make up the majority population of a province or territory
What do Indigenous people believe about the land compared to the government?
Canada’s government believes First Nations gave up their land under the Treaties. Many First Nations disagree, especially since their worldviews do not think of land as something anyone can “own” or “give up.”
When did the Indian Act end?
It is still legislation to this day.
What's a francophone school?
Francophone schools provide instruction for Francophone students students whose first language is French. They are different from French immersion schools, which teach French to students whose first language is not French. Francophone schools affirm the identity of Francophone students, their families and their communities
What term refers to Metis people, Inuit people, and First Nations?
Aboriginal