Audiology
Define "audiology" in one sentence and name the degree required for audiologists in the U.S.
Audiology = study of hearing; required degree in U.S.: AuD (Doctor of Audiology
State the primary role of an interpreter in two sentences.
Primary role: facilitate communication accurately and impartially without adding opinion.
Name two of the six elements of ASL storytelling.
Examples: role shifting, classifiers (any two of the six).
What is a lexicalized sign? Give one short example from the guide.
Lexicalized sign: a fingerspelled word that has become a distinct sign with movement/location changes; example: #APT or #JOB.
Define an idiom and give one English example from the study guide
Idiom: an expression whose meaning differs from the literal meanings of its words; example from guide: "Train Go Sorry."
Explain the difference between Hertz and decibels and give what each measures.
Hertz (Hz) measures frequency/pitch; Decibels (dB) measure loudness/intensity.
What is a CDI and give two situations where a CDI is especially important
CDI = Certified Deaf Interpreter; important for DeafBlind clients and language-deprived clients or when message requires culturally fluent Deaf perspective.
Define role shifting and give one short signed/storytelling example (describe verbally).
Role shifting: using body/eye gaze to show different characters; example: shift torso/eye gaze left to play "friend," shift right to play "teacher."
Explain how a fingerspelled word becomes lexicalized; name two features that often change when this happens.
Features that change: movement becomes more fluid or stylized; letters may be omitted or combined; location may shift to a neutral signing space.
Explain the difference between slang and idioms, using one example of each from the guide.
Slang is group-specific and temporary (example: "Pei-Pei" as slang); idioms are established figurative expressions used broadly (example: "Train Go Sorry").
Describe what an audiogram shows and how a pure-tone audiometer is used.
Audiogram shows hearing thresholds across frequencies; pure-tone audiometer presents tones at different frequencies/intensities to determine thresholds.
List and briefly explain two RID ethical principles and why each is essential.
Confidentiality (protect client information), Impartiality (avoid bias/personal involvement). Both ensure trust and accurate representation.
Explain what classifiers do in ASL storytelling and give one example of an object or action a classifier can show.
Classifiers show size, shape, motion, location; example: a classifier handshape can show a car moving along a road.
Give an example (describe verbally) of how a lexicalized sign might differ in movement or location from its original fingerspelled sequence.
Example: A fingerspelled word that originally required spelling each letter may become a single repeated movement at the forehead or chest, with a changed handshape—describe this transformation in class.
What does the idiom "Train Go Sorry" mean and give one classroom scenario when you might use it.
"Train Go Sorry" means miss an opportunity; scenario: a student missed the scholarship deadline—teacher or peer might sign "Train go sorry" to express that the opportunity is gone.
Compare and contrast conductive and sensorineural hearing loss in cause and typical audiogram pattern.
Conductive: outer/middle ear problems (e.g., infections, fluid); audiogram: abnormal air conduction, normal bone conduction. Sensorineural: damage to hair cells/auditory nerve, usually permanent; both air and bone conduction abnormal and similar.
Describe three major differences between educational interpreting and legal interpreting.
Educational interpreting focuses on access to classroom instruction and may include supporting students over time; legal interpreting demands strict accuracy, neutrality, and often certification/licensure, with high stakes for exact wording and procedure. Performance interpreting emphasizes meaning, rhythm, emotion rather than verbatim accuracy.
Describe how a storyteller can show the passage of time using signs or movements; include one time sign example.
Passage of time: time signs (LATER, NIGHT), repeated movements, modified verbs, transitions (NEXT). Example time sign: LATER.
Describe why recognizing lexicalized signs is important for speed and fluency in ASL comprehension.
Recognizing lexicalized signs increases comprehension speed because they are processed as single lexical items rather than sequences of letters; this reduces cognitive load during fluent signing.
Describe why non-manual signals (facial expressions/body language) are essential when signing idioms; give one idiom from the list and the needed expression.
NMS convey intensity and intended meaning; example: "Boiling Inside" needs an angry facial expression, clenched jaw, or tense shoulders to show internal anger.
Explain how cochlear implants differ from hearing aids in function and when a cochlear implant might be recommended.
Hearing aids amplify sound to remaining hair cells; cochlear implants bypass damaged hair cells to directly stimulate auditory nerve and require surgery; implants recommended when severe-to-profound sensorineural loss with limited benefit from hearing aids.
Explain the purpose and advantage of team interpreting for long or complex assignments; include how a CDI might be used on that team.
Team interpreting allows rotation for fatigue reduction, checking accuracy, and handling complexity; CDI can interpret for clients with unique language needs while hearing interpreter manages voiced or signed rendering and relay.
Choose one story from the study guide (e.g., The Bridge of Magpies) and describe how character placement and movement show separation and reunion.
lex signs must be correct
Create a brief signed scenario (describe in words) where "By the Hair" and "Boiling Inside" would both be appropriate to use; explain the context and how NMS would differ for each idiom.
Example Scenario: Student barely passes final—use "By the Hair" with a relieved, astonished face and quick small hand flick; later, after an unfair accusation, use "Boiling Inside" with tight lips, furrowed brow, and tense posture. NMS differ: "By the Hair" = relief/astonishment; "Boiling Inside" = suppressed anger, more intense facial tension.