Establishment of Colonies
What was the first permanent English colony?
Jamestown
What was the first legislative body in the colonies?
House of Burgesses
Who made up the armies of the French and Indian War?
British troops and colonists
French and their Native American allies
What was taxed under the Stamp Act of 1765?
All paper goods that require the stamp of the king (i.e., books, newspapers, deeds, playing cards, dice).
What battles marked the beginning of the American Revolution?
Lexington and Concord
What led to the institution of the Halfway Covenant?
Declining in Church membership of the Puritan faith
Who appointed the royal Governers?
The King
What goods did the Native Americans and French trade?
French-finished goods
Native Americans-fur
What company was granted a monopoly on trade with the colonies, specifically on tea?
East India Company
What battle marked the end of the American Revolution?
Battle of Yorktown
Why did the Puritans implement the Halfway Covenant?
To gain more church followers
What crops dominated the Southern economy?
Rice, Indigo, Tobacco
The land disputes in what territory led to the French and Indian War?
Ohio River Valley
How did the patriots react to the Boston Massacre?
Used it as propaganda to influence other colonists to join their cause?
Why was the Battle of Saratoga important for Washington and the Continental Army?
The Continental Army won a decisive victory which convinced the French to aid the Americans in fighting the British.
What was the impact of Bacon's Rebellion?
It led to the rise of slave labor and the decrease in the use of indentured servants.
What were the four major port cities in colonial America?
Boston, New York, Philadelphia, & Charles Town
What did British Prime Minister William Pitt issued to win the war?
Blank Check
How did the colonists react to the Townshend Acts (1767)?
Colonists protested "taxation without representation" and organized a new boycott of imported goods.
What was the significance of Valley Forge?
It allowed for George Washington to train the Continental Army with the help of Von Stueben and LaFayette.
What were the ideological differences between the puritans and the pilgrims (separatists)?
Puritans wanted to fix the issues within the Anglican church; the pilgrims wanted to leave the Anglican church all together.
What is mercantilism?
An economic system where a nation attempts to enrich itself by: Minimizing Imports, Maximizing Exports, Balancing a Trade Surplus, Accumulation of Wealth and Power, Building Reserves of Gold and Silver, and Building Colonies for resources.
What was the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?
Meant to stop colonists from moving out past the Appalachian Mountains due to the rising costs to support the deployment of British troops into the Ohio River Valley?
Who were the three Enlightenment thinkers and their philosophies?
John Locke: Natural Rights (Life, Liberty, Property)
Rousseau: social w/ government
Montesquieu: separate branches of government (divided power)
What were the advantages/disadvantages of the Continental Army and the British army?
Continental Army:
Familiarity with the environment, A commitment to win the war, Short supply lines to their soldiers, A defensive strategy to outlast the British
British Army:
–400% larger & more experienced army, More money, The world’s most dominant navy, Manufacturing to make war supplies