New England Colonies
Which colony was founded by the Pilgrims in 1620?
Answer: Plymouth
Which colony was founded by William Penn?
Answer: Pennsylvania
What was the main cash crop of Virginia?
Answer: Tobacco
What system of farming in the South relied on enslaved labor to grow crops like tobacco and cotton?
Answer: The plantation system
What Native American leader helped the Pilgrims survive at Plymouth?
Answer: Squanto
What was the main reason settlers came to Massachusetts Bay?
Answer: Religious freedom (Puritans)
What staple crop earned the Middle Colonies the nickname “the breadbasket colonies”?
Answer: Wheat (or other grains)
Which colony was founded as a place for debtors?
Answer: Georgia
What was the first representative assembly in the English colonies?
Answer: Virginia House of Burgesses
What war in New England was fought between colonists and Native Americans in 1675–1676?
Answer: King Philip’s War
Name one major industry in New England.
Answer: Shipbuilding, fishing, or trade
Name one group of immigrants who contributed to the diversity of the Middle Colonies.
Answer: Dutch, Germans, Swedes, Scots-Irish, etc.
Which colony was founded by Lord Baltimore as a refuge for Catholics?
Answer: Maryland
What role did indentured servants play in colonial society?
Answer: They worked for a set number of years in exchange for passage to America
What was Bacon’s Rebellion mainly about?
Answer: Frontier settlers wanted more land and protection from Native attacks; protested against Virginia’s governor
Why was Roger Williams banished from Massachusetts, and what colony did he later establish?
Answer: He disagreed with Puritan leaders about religious freedom and founded Rhode Island
Which city grew into a major port in Pennsylvania?
Answer: Philadelphia
Why did the Southern Colonies rely more on enslaved labor than New England or the Middle Colonies?
Answer: Large plantations and cash crops required more labor
What type of crops, such as tobacco and rice, were grown mainly for sale and profit rather than family use?
Answer: Cash crop
What conflict arose in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1692?
Answer: Salem Witch Trials
Which New England colony allowed greater religious freedom and was founded by dissenters from Massachusetts?
Answer: Rhode Island
How did William Penn’s “holy experiment” make Pennsylvania different from other colonies?
Answer: It promoted religious tolerance, fair treatment of Native Americans, and representative government
What was the main reason Georgia was founded, besides being a place for debtors?
Answer: To act as a buffer between Spanish Florida and the other English colonies
How did geography shape the economies of New England, Middle, and Southern colonies differently?
Answer: New England relied on trade/shipbuilding, Middle Colonies on farming grains, Southern Colonies on plantations and cash crops
Which group’s arrival in Jamestown in 1619 marked the beginning of a major change in the colonies’ labor system?
Answer: The first Africans