Geography of the Colonies
These four colonies made up New England and featured rocky coastlines, protected harbors, and dense forests
What are New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island?
This New England industry relied on cod, mackerel, whaling, and shipbuilding
What is the fishing, whaling, and shipbuilding?
These workers signed contracts to work 4–7 years in exchange for passage to America and eventual freedom.
Who are indentured servants?
This 1773 protest saw colonists dump tea into Boston Harbor to protest the Tea Act.
What is the Boston Tea Party?
In Puritan towns, communities with over 50 families were required to run these for young children to learn to read the Bible.
What are elementary schools?
This mountain range formed a natural western boundary for the Middle Colonies and limited westward expansion
What are the Appalachian Mountains?
Known as cash crops in the South, these included tobacco, rice, and this blue-dye plant
What is indigo?
In the Southern Colonies this group made up about one in five people and had no rights or pay.
Who are enslaved people?
A 1770 clash in which British soldiers fired on colonists, killing five and fueling anti-British sentiment.
What is the Boston Massacre?
A wooden paddle covered with clear cow's horn used to teach letters and prayers to colonial children
What is a hornbook?
Long navigable rivers like the Hudson and Delaware helped this colonial region become the 'breadbasket'
What are the Middle Colonies?
The Middle Colonies were sometimes called this because they produced abundant grain and flour for export.
What is the 'breadbasket' colonies?
In New England towns, this direct-democracy meeting allowed eligible men to make local laws.
What are town meetings?
This 1763 war left Britain with heavy debt and led to new colonial taxes that caused unrest.
What is the French and Indian War?
"These buildings served both as places of worship and as the center for town meetings in New England.
What is the meetinghouse?
The ______________ became a major center for rice and indigo trade
What is Southern Colonies?
New England's dense forests supplied this raw material essential for houses and ships.
What is lumber?
This social group in colonial cities included skilled craftworkers such as coopers and cobblers.
Who are artisans?
Colonists summarized their grievance against Parliament by saying they were being taxed without this.
What is representation (No taxation without representation)?
Most colonial families fed themselves with small plots and these animals kept for milk and eggs.
What are cows and chickens?
A rocky soil and shorter growing season made large-scale farming difficult in this colonial region
What is New England?
Nearly everything—food, clothing, and tools—was produced there; this describes these large agricultural estates.
What are plantations?
In the Southern social hierarchy, these wealthy landowners often held public office and lived in luxury.
Who are plantation owners (large landowners)?
Britain's 1774 punitive measures closing Boston Harbor and limiting town meetings were called these by colonists.
What are the Intolerable Acts?
In many colonies only these people could vote and attend town meetings.
Who are white male property owners?