Hues, Levels, Intensity
What is the darkest color in the level system? The lightest?
Darkest is 1, lightest is 10.
What type of hair was Charles Nessler's machine used for?
Long hair
Which type of perm is suitable for more resistant hair types?
alkaline perm
Name 1 type of non-oxidative color.
temporary, semi-permanent, vegetable/metallic/compound dyes
What is the main ingredient in developers?
Hydrogen Peroxide
Name all 12 colors in the color wheel.
red, blue, yellow, green, violet, orange, red-violet, blue-violet, red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, blue-green.
Created in 1926, this is another name for the overlap wrapping method.
What is croquignole?
Alkaline perms should wrapped with firm, even tension. True or False
False
Non-oxidative colors hold all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
a. darken, impart shine, add new tone or neutralize existing tone.
b. are mixed with developer
c. deposit color but do not lighten existing color
d. used directly out of the bottle or container
b. are mixed with developer
A type of hair color that uses a low-volume hydrogen peroxide that can only deposit color or add tone to the hair would be:
demi-permanent
Describe something in nature that is cool toned and something that is warm toned.
cool toned things are blue, green, or violet. Warm toned things are red, yellow, or orange. Personalized answers are to teacher's discretion.
What was the active ingredient used in the first cold wave?
Thioglycolic Acid
Acid perms range from this to this pH.
6.9 to 7.2
non-oxidative colors create what type of change in the hair?
physical change
What makes oxidative colors different from non-oxidative colors?
They use a developer
Who created the first heatless perming technique and when?
Ralph Evans and Everett McDonough in 1931.
What is the main ingredient in acid perms?
Glycerol Monothioglycolate
What size of color molecules are used in oxidative colors? (temporary and semi-permanent)
temporary colors use large color molecules that only coat the hair. Semi-permanent colors use small and large color molecules for longer lasting deposit.
How do the color molecules in permanent color differ from semi-permanent color?
the molecules are smaller and pair up inside the hair strand so the color can't wash out.
Describe the difference between hue and intensity
hue is the tone or warmness or coolness of a color while intensity is how bright that color is within its own level.
Who created the first permanent waving machine and when?
Charles Nessler in 1905
What is a simple explanation of how a perm works?
The perm solution breaks the disulfide bonds in the hair and then the neutralizer reforms the bonds into the new curl texture.
How do you perform a test for metallic salts?
Put 1 oz of 20 vol. developer and 20 drops of 28% ammonia in a glass bowl. Immerse at least 20 strands of hair in the mixture for 30 minutes and review results.
Explain when you would use a filler or a toner.
Fillers are used to equalize porosity or put primary colors back in the hair. Toners are used to neutralize unwanted tones.