Impact on Native Americans
What was one positive effect of horses on Native Americans of the Great Plains?
Horses allowed them to hunt more efficiently, especially by giving them the height advantage to strike large animals like buffalo.
What was the main reason the Spanish began enslaving Africans during the Columbian Exchange?
The Native American population was dying due to diseases, so the Spanish turned to Africa to replace them with enslaved people.
How did the Columbian Exchange contribute to the population growth in Europe?
The introduction of new crops like potatoes and maize from the Americas provided better nutrition, which helped to support a population increase in Europe. Population nearly doubles.
Name one thing that was brought from Europe to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange.
Horses, cattle, and various diseases were brought from Europe to the Americas.
Which disease brought by Europeans killed millions of Native Americans?
Smallpox was one of the deadliest diseases brought by Europeans, killing millions of Native Americans.
How did horses benefit the Native Americans in terms of mobility?
Horses allowed Native Americans to traverse larger areas more efficiently and quickly, making travel and hunting easier.
How were Africans treated on slave ships during the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
Africans were chained, forced to lie down in cramped spaces, and suffered from horrible smells, lack of hygiene, and brutal treatment.
What was one of the major ways Europe accumulated wealth as a result of the Columbian Exchange?
The massive influx of silver and gold from the Americas, especially from mines in Spain, significantly increased Europe's wealth, particularly Spain's.
Name one thing that was brought from the Americas to Europe during the Columbian Exchange.
Potatoes, tomatoes, and corn were brought from the Americas to Europe.
Aside from Small Pox,what other disease impacted Native populations?
Cocoliztli was a deadly disease that killed millions in Mexico, particularly between 1545 and 1576.
What was a negative impact of horses during the Battle of Tenochtitlan?
The Spanish used horses to gain high ground and increased mobility, giving them an advantage over the Aztecs.
What did the Spanish do to prevent Africans from jumping overboard during the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
The Spanish installed netting on the sides of the ships to prevent slaves from attempting to escape by jumping into the ocean.
How did the introduction of new crops from the Americas affect European agriculture?
Crops like potatoes, tomatoes, and corn allowed for more diverse and reliable food sources, which helped improve agricultural productivity and support growing populations.
What food crop from the Americas had a significant impact on European diets?
Potatoes became a staple crop in Europe, significantly impacting their diet and agricultural practices.
What civilization was nearly wiped out from their encounter with the Spanish?
The introduction of smallpox decimated the Aztec population, weakening their ability to resist the Spanish invasion.
How did the Columbian Exchange contribute to the decimation of Native American populations? What percent of natives died?
Diseases like smallpox and cocoliztli brought by Europeans devastated Native American populations, leading to millions of deaths. Estimates say 90% of Natives died.
How many Africans were estimated to have been enslaved and transported during the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
An estimated 12 million Africans were enslaved and transported, with only 10 million surviving the journey.
How did the Columbian Exchange help expand European territorial holdings? Provide one specific example.
European powers like Spain, Portugal, England, and France expanded their empires through the establishment of colonies in the Americas.
What animal from Europe had a major impact on Native American hunting practices?
Horses greatly impacted Native American hunting, especially in the Great Plains, by allowing for more efficient hunts.
How did smallpox impact the population of Mexico during the Columbian Exchange?
The population of Mexico decreased dramatically, killing nearly 22 million natives.
What was the overall impact of the Columbian Exchange on Native Americans? Was it positive or negative?
It was mostly negative. The Columbian Exchange introduced diseases, slavery, and violence that devastated Native populations.
How did the Transatlantic Slave Trade affect West African society?
It caused immense disruption, leaving elderly people to work, spreading fear, and devastating the social structure as young men and women were abducted and sold into slavery.
What impact did the wealth from the Americas have on European economies and global power?
The wealth from the Americas helped fuel the rise of European global powers, particularly Spain, whose silver and gold led to greater political and economic influence across Europe and beyond.
What exchange impacted the Natives most significantly?
One surprising item was the introduction of European diseases, such as smallpox, which devastated Native American populations.
What percent of Natives died from the encounter with the Europeans?
90% died.