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Expectancy Violations Theory & Elaboration Likelihood Theory
Cognitive Dissonance Theory & Symbolic Convergence Theory
Rhetoric & Dramatism
Semiotics & Cultural Studies
Potpourri
100
As a part of Expectancy Violations Theory, Burgoon suggests that under some circumstances, ___________ social norms and expectations about personal space is a superior strategy to conformity.
What is "violating"?
100
Cognitive dissonance theory was created by ___________________.
Who is Leon Festinger?
100
In his Rhetoric, Aristotle described three rhetorical "speech situations,": what are they?
What is forensic (or judicial), epideictic, and deliberative rhetoric?
100
This French professor, writer and cultural critic used the term "mythologies" to describe structures of meaning, and looked at objects in popular culture like magazine covers and consumer products to make his point.
Who is Roland Barthes?
100
A semiotic study analyzed the meaning of _______________, which were displayed by Americans during the first Gulf War to convey a message of support and remembrance to US soldiers fighting in Iraq.
What are yellow ribbons?
200
Judee Burgoon, a theorist who works with Expectancy Violations theory, defines _______ _______ as the invisible, variable volume of space surrounding an individual that defines that individual’s preferred distance from others.
What is "personal space"?
200
According to Cognitive Dissonance theory, human beings have a basic need to ____________________.
What is "avoid dissonance."
200
When a message contains a rhetorical appeal based on stirring the emotions of the audience, we say that it is drawing on _______.
What is pathos?
200
***DAILY DOUBLE*** According to Ferdinand de Saussure, the connection between the _________ and the ________ is arbitrary.
What is "signifier" and "signified"?
200
The Italian Marxist thinker Antonio Gramsci used the term ____________ to describe a state of consensual social control - the "subtle sway of society's haves over its have-nots." To him, it helped to explain why the worker's revolutions Marx predicted never happened.
What is "hegemony"?
300
Elaboration Likelihood Theory suggests that there are two "routes" to persuading people - the ________ route and the __________ route.
What is the "central" and "peripheral"?
300
Bormann, the theorist behind Symbolic Convergence Theory, used the word __________ to describe dramatizing messages that are enthusiastically embraced by the whole group.
What is "fantasy"?
300
Cicero is credited describing _____ canons of rhetoric (a number).
What is "five"?
300
According to C.S. Peirce, signs that resemble what they are trying to represent - e.g., a photograph of a nature scene, or the word "buzz" to describe a certain sound - could be defined as ___________.
What is an icon/iconic signs?
300
In Symbolic Convergence Theory, this is "a trigger that sets off group members to respond as they did when first shared a group fantasy."
What is a "symbolic cue"?
400
Edward Hall coined the term ___________ to refer to the study of people’s use of space as a special elaboration of culture.
What is "proxemics"?
400
Festinger's classic _______________________ experiment supported the minimal justification hypothesis of Cognitive Dissonance Theory, because subjects who received a very small reward demonstrated a change in attitude.
What is "Would I Lie for $1"
400
Burke's ____________ _________ is a lens for interpreting verbal action; it could also be called a tool to analyze how a speaker persuades an audience to accept his or her view of reality.
What is the dramatistic pentad?
400
__________ is defined as "the mental frameworks – the languages, the concepts, categories, imagery of thought, and the representation – which different classes and social groups deploy in order to make sense of, define, figure out and render intelligible the way society works.”
What is "Ideology"?
400
This was Kenneth Burke's catch-all term for tension, anxiety, embarrassment, shame, disgust, and other negative feelings which are part of the human condition.
What is "guilt"?
500
Elaboration Likelihood Theory suggests that there are two types of elaboration: "objective elaboration," and "______ elaboration" - this second kind occurs when predetermined conclusions color the supporting information underneath.
What is "biased"?
500
Symbolic convergence usually, but not always, results in heightened __________ cohesiveness
What is "group"?
500
In Burke's view, ____________ is necessary - it is the common ground between the speaker and her audience. Without it, there can be no persuasion.
What is identification?
500
This theorist is thought of as one of the major figures, if not the founding figure, in cultural studies. Though born not in Britain but in the Caribbean, he moved there at a young age and made his career there.
Who is Stuart Hall?
500
According to Cognitive Dissonance Theory, one strategy that people use to minimize cognitive dissonance is to avoid information that conflicts with our beliefs, and choosing to be around people who think like them. This strategy is known as __________ _______________
What is selective exposure?