Calories (1.1)
What are Calories?
the energy the food provides your body
Energy is defined as two things...
The ability to do work (movement) and transfer heat
energy = movement = heat
Which way does heat flow?
From the hotter object to the colder object
Joules (J)
Who is Bill Nye?
A scientist and science communicator
(The Science Guy)
Found in sugars, fibers, starches, and breads, what nutrient acts as a good source of "quick energy" for the body?
Carbohydrates (carbs)
Energy can be broken down into two types:
Potential and Kinetic
When you add heat to a solid, what happens?
And when you take away heat from a gas?
Solid -> Liquid -> Gas (usually)
Gas -> Liquid -> Solid (usually)
What does specific heat mean?
The amount of joules (J) needed to increase one gram (g) up by one degree Celsius (ºC)
OR
How much energy it takes to heat it up
How many Joules are in 1 Calorie?
4184 Joules = 1 Calorie
Otherwise known as triglycerides, what nutrient is a source of long-lasting energy for the body?
Fats (or oils)
Oxygen, heat, and fuel
What is the difference between an exothermic reaction and an endothermic reaction?
Exothermic = releasing heat
Endothermic = absorbing heat
Q =
m = 10 g
c = 2.0 J/gºC
ΔT = 5 ºC
What is Q?
100 Joules (J)
What is Mr. Vasquez's favorite type of electrical generation?
Nuclear
Is the following statement true or false? Why or why not?:
Protein is a good source of energy for your body.
FALSE
Protein does not provide energy, but it does help in repairing your body.
What are the four different types of electrical generation that use combustion?
Coal, Oil, Natural Gas, Biofuel (biomass)
What's an example of an exothermic reaction?
Endothermic reaction?
Anything that releases heat
Anything that absorbs heat
How do scientists find out how many Calories are in our food? (Use the vocab words)
Food is burned in a bomb calorimeter, holding the heat energy using water. We can measure the heat energy in Joules, then convert it to Calories. This is called calorimetry.
Explain how electricity is made using coal. Include all the types of energy and machine parts involved.
Chemical energy from coal is released as heat energy when burned, heating up water. This water rises as steam and uses kinetic energy to spin a turbine as it falls. This kinetic energy is transformed into electrical energy using a generator.
Why do nutrition labels usually not have a percent daily value for protein?
Protein intake is not a concern for Americans (we get enough as is)
When we eat food, we turn ____ energy into ___ energy and ____ energy.
we turn chemical energy into heat energy and movement/kinetic energy
Can something be both exothermic and endothermic? Why or why not?
Yes! Example: A human sunbathing is still releasing body heat and absorbing sun heat
What is the specific heat of water (including the units)?
4.18 J/gºC
What was causing the mystery in the Factory Escape Room?
The ghost of a deceased food scientist running the factory at night.