Symbolic Activity
Jack asked Maria how her day was going and Maria responded "Good, thanks!" accompanied with a thumbs up gesture. Maria's words and gesture are these representative signs.
What are symbols?
This theory asserts that humans are story telling beings/animals.
What is the Narrative Paradigm?
Perelman & Olbrechts-Tyteca emphasized we should seek to develop arguments that make use of these facts that are knowable and uncontested.
What are objective facts?
Members of the reptile club discovered that a long limbless reptile escaped from the habitat. One of the club members exclaimed, "There's a snake on the loose!" You might find this meaning in the dictionary.
What is the denotative meaning?
A statement that expresses the subject and defines the grounds for dispute.
What is a proposition?
This place of ideas is where "sellers" or arguers are seeking to find "buyers" who will accept their claims.
What is a marketplace?
How believable a story is or how coherent it seems to be.
What is narrative coherence or narrative probability?
Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca said objective facts can be used to assert these generalizations that are commonly shared and understood.
What are obvious truths?
Also a snake, but this time it refers to Putin and the deceitfulness of his forces after they violated a ceasefire in the humanitarian corridor in southern Ukraine.
What is connotative?
A statement that asserts a claim known as a certainty. Ex: Inflation is not the fault of the Federal Reserve.
What is a proposition of fact?
Protests & dissenting views are legitimate ways to participate here.
What is democratic decision making?
When a story "rings true" with our experiences or other stories we have heard.
What is narrative fidelity?
Stephen Toulmin named these arguments that are so compelling that they meet the requirements for argumentative proof in all fields. Ex: "Parents who love their children want to protect them from harm."
What is/are field-invariant?
A linguistic device where phenomenon "A" should be seen as phenomenon "B". Ex: College is like climbing a mountain.
What is an argumentative metaphor?
A statement that outlines a specific course of action. Ex: The USFG should do more to protect voting rights.
What is a proposition of policy?
These people don't misrepresent facts or conceal information that would cause people to interpret their arguments differently - they are honest.
What are ethical arguers?
People who are willing to confront the possibility that the beliefs they hold could be demonstrated to be wrong are considered this, like a blank slate.
What is tabula rasa?
Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca suggest that arguers direct their appeals to an audience that is created in the mind of the arguer.
What is a universal audience?
A figure of speech in which the advocate asks an audience to see that phenomenon “A” has some characteristic of phenomenon “B”. Ex: President Zelenskyy has (body parts) of steel.
What is ornamental metaphor?
What are stock issues?
Vincent Ruggiero said that determining whether an action is right or wrong, is based on if the action conforms to certain values.
What is value-based ethical reasoning?
What are arguments?
This principle is a strategy of making an argument or a claim seem especially noteworthy or important so that it is clearly understood and deemed significant by the audience.
What is the principle of presence?
*BONUS* This team gets an additional 500 points.
Enter a short response.
In 3 sentences or more, explain why humans argue.
:)
Since the return to campus began, several students on the Facebook group Cal State LA Book Exchange have voiced their concerns. While half of the students favor the idea of attending classes in person, the other half strongly oppose it. While discussing this issue with your friend, they propose that the university should create a policy that states that all classes should only be held in person effective immediately. You disagree, because you believe that at least half of the students on campus will stop attending classes or privately ask their instructors for accommodations, based on their strong beliefs. This is a stock issue.
What is attitudinal inherency?