Argument Foundations
This term describes viewing an argument as something produced, like a cliam or position being presented.
What is an argument as product?
This is the 7-piece structure used to build a strong constructive speech.
What are inherency, plan, uniqueness, link/internal link, impact, solvency, and pre-empts?
You debate these — not people
What are points // arguments?
Listening carefully involves doing this in five specific ways.
What are the 5 listening strategies?
Ethos, pathos, and logos are known as this.
What is argument appeal?
These are the three essential components of an argument
What are claim, evidence, and warrant?
These arguments answer the other side before they are even made.
What are preemptive arguments?
These are the three types of advocacy covered in class.
What are self, individual, and systems advocacy?
These are the three ways to make a response.
What are refute, rebuild, and extend?
These are the four types of credibility you should know.
What are initial, background, halo effect, and transaction-based credibility?
This 6-part model includes: claim, grounds, warrant, backing, qualifer, and rebuttal
What is the Toulmin model?
Circumstantial, abusive, and tu quoque are all forms of this fallacy.
What is ad hominem?
Advocacy is nothing without this
What is action/pragmatism?
This approach "absorbs" information passively.
What is the sponage approach?
These three Cs make arguments more persuasive when delivered.
What are competence, confidence, and conviction?
These two parts of Toulmin work together and are considered co-constitutive.
What are the warrant and the grounds?
Timeframe, magnitude, and probability are used to do this.
What is weigh an impact?
This debate role summarizes "they say/we say" and explains why your side still wins.
What is the rebuttal?
This approach asks questions and digs deeper into arguments.
What is the panning-for-gold approach?
This fallacy misrepresents the opposing position to make it easier to defeat.
What is the straw man fallacy?
This debate component is used to clarify arguments, challenge claims, gain links, and poke holes.
What is the cross-examination (CX)?
These are the three types of disputes (stock issues).
What are fact, value, and policy disputes?
This describes the number of speeches, their times, and the duties of each role in the debate.
What is debate structure?
These are the three ways to prepare to respond.
What are prepare in advance, adopt appropriate styles, and model fairness/courtesy?
This type of argument appeals primarily to audience's emotions.
What is an affective argument?